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Descovy
Descovy (emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide) is a combination antiviral medication used to treat and prevent HIV-1 infection. It is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) that works by blocking the virus’s ability to replicate in the body, helping to reduce the amount of HIV in the bloodstream (viral load). Descovy is also used for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to prevent HIV infection in high-risk individuals.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How effective is Descovy for PrEP?
Descovy is highly effective for preventing HIV infection when taken daily as prescribed. It has been shown to reduce the risk of HIV by more than 99% in men who have sex with men and transgender women. However, it is not currently approved for use in people assigned female at birth who are at risk of HIV from vaginal sex.
Can Descovy be used during pregnancy?
Yes, Descovy may be used during pregnancy, but it is important to discuss with your healthcare provider to weigh the benefits and risks.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Descovy?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it’s close to your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not take two doses at once.
Does Descovy have long-term side effects?
Long-term use of Descovy may be associated with decreased bone mineral density and, in rare cases, liver or kidney problems. Regular monitoring by your healthcare provider is important.
Can I stop taking Descovy if I feel better?
Do not stop taking Descovy without consulting your healthcare provider, as this can lead to an increase in viral load and resistance to the medication.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Descovy Work?
Descovy works by combining two NRTIs, emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide, which inhibit the activity of reverse transcriptase, an enzyme that HIV needs to replicate. This reduces the amount of HIV in the blood, helps improve immune function, and slows the progression of the disease.
Common Dosages
- Oral tablets: 200 mg of emtricitabine and 25 mg of tenofovir alafenamide.
Typical Dosing
- For HIV treatment: The typical dose is one tablet taken once daily, in combination with other antiretroviral agents.
- For PrEP: The recommended dose is one tablet taken once daily, by individuals who are HIV-negative and at high risk of infection.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- HIV-1 infection, in combination with other antiretroviral agents.
- Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to prevent HIV infection in at-risk individuals.
Who Shouldn't Take Descovy?
- Known hypersensitivity to emtricitabine, tenofovir alafenamide, or any component of the formulation.
- Individuals with unknown or positive HIV status when used for PrEP.
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take Descovy once daily with or without food, at the same time each day for consistent blood levels.
- If taking Descovy for PrEP, ensure you are tested for HIV regularly (every 3 months) to confirm you remain HIV-negative.
- If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it’s close to your next dose, skip the missed dose and take the next one at the usual time. Do not double the dose.
Side Effects of Descovy
Common Side Effects
- Headache
- Nausea
- Diarrhea
- Fatigue
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Lactic acidosis
- Liver problems
- Decreased bone density
Risks and Warnings of Descovy
- Lactic Acidosis: Descovy has been associated with lactic acidosis, a rare but serious condition that can lead to death. Symptoms include weakness, muscle pain, trouble breathing, and abdominal pain.
- Liver Problems: People with a history of liver disease or hepatitis B should be monitored closely as Descovy can cause liver complications.
- Bone Density: Long-term use of tenofovir alafenamide has been linked to a reduction in bone mineral density, so individuals at risk of osteoporosis should have their bone health monitored.
Interactions with Descovy
Common Drug Interactions
- Other antiretrovirals: When used in combination with other antiretroviral drugs, it’s important to monitor for overlapping toxicities.
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): Using NSAIDs like ibuprofen alongside Descovy may increase the risk of kidney problems.
- Rifampin: This antibiotic can decrease the levels of Descovy in the blood, reducing its effectiveness.
Alternatives to Descovy
- Truvada: Another combination of emtricitabine and tenofovir, commonly used for both HIV treatment and PrEP.
- Biktarvy: A single-tablet regimen that includes emtricitabine, tenofovir alafenamide, and bictegravir for HIV treatment.
- Tivicay (dolutegravir): Often used in combination with other antiretrovirals to treat HIV.
