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Cytotec
Cytotec (generic name: misoprostol) is a prostaglandin analog used to prevent stomach ulcers caused by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen or aspirin. It also has uses in inducing labor and medical abortion due to its ability to stimulate uterine contractions. By protecting the stomach lining, Cytotec helps reduce the risk of ulcers in individuals who are prone to gastrointestinal complications from NSAID use.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for Cytotec to work?
When used for ulcer prevention, Cytotec begins working shortly after the first dose. For inducing labor or medical abortion, the effects typically occur within hours of administration.
Can I take Cytotec during pregnancy?
No, Cytotec should not be used during pregnancy unless specifically prescribed by a doctor for labor induction or medical abortion, as it can cause miscarriage or premature labor.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Cytotec?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it's close to your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Is Cytotec safe for long-term use?
Cytotec is generally used for the duration of NSAID therapy for ulcer prevention. Long-term use is safe when monitored by a healthcare provider, but side effects such as diarrhea may persist with prolonged use.
Can Cytotec be used for postpartum bleeding?
Yes, Cytotec is sometimes used off-label to manage postpartum hemorrhage due to its ability to contract the uterus and reduce bleeding.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Cytotec Work?
Cytotec works by mimicking the effects of prostaglandin E1, a natural substance in the body that helps protect the stomach lining. It increases the production of protective mucus and decreases stomach acid secretion, preventing ulcer formation. Additionally, Cytotec induces uterine contractions, which is why it is used for labor induction and medical abortions.
Common Dosages
- 100 mcg tablets
- 200 mcg tablets
Typical Dosing
- For ulcer prevention: The typical dose is 200 mcg taken four times daily with food, usually with the start of NSAID therapy.
- For medical abortion: Cytotec is used in combination with mifepristone. The dosing schedule is specific to the procedure and should only be followed under medical supervision.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- NSAID-induced gastric ulcers
Who Shouldn't Take Cytotec?
- Pregnancy (when used for ulcer prevention, as it can cause uterine contractions and miscarriage)
- Known hypersensitivity to misoprostol or prostaglandins
Advice From The Pharmacist
- When taking Cytotec to prevent ulcers, it should be taken with food to reduce the risk of gastrointestinal side effects.
- For women of childbearing age, Cytotec should only be used if effective birth control is in place due to its ability to induce labor or cause miscarriage.
- Be aware of any signs of gastrointestinal discomfort, especially when using NSAIDs.
Side Effects of Cytotec
Common Side Effects
- Diarrhea
- Stomach cramps
- Nausea
- Headache
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Uterine rupture (when used for labor induction in women with prior C-sections or uterine surgeries)
- Severe allergic reactions
Risks and Warnings of Cytotec
- Pregnancy Warning: Cytotec can cause miscarriage, premature labor, or uterine rupture and should not be used by pregnant women unless prescribed for labor induction or abortion under medical supervision.
- Gastrointestinal Effects: Cytotec may cause significant diarrhea and stomach cramps, especially when first starting treatment.
Interactions with Cytotec
Common Drug Interactions
- Antacids: Taking antacids containing magnesium along with Cytotec may worsen diarrhea.
- NSAIDs: While Cytotec is used to prevent NSAID-induced ulcers, combining these drugs increases the risk of gastrointestinal side effects, so close monitoring is recommended.
Alternatives to Cytotec
- Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) (e.g., omeprazole): These drugs reduce stomach acid and are used to prevent ulcers caused by NSAIDs.
- H2 blockers (e.g., ranitidine): These medications reduce stomach acid and can be used as an alternative to Cytotec for ulcer prevention.
- Mifepristone (when used for abortion): Cytotec is often combined with mifepristone for medical abortion.
