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Cimetidine HCl
Cimetidine HCl (Cimetidine Hydrochloride) is a medication used to treat conditions caused by excess stomach acid, including gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), ulcers, and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. As an H2 receptor antagonist, it works by blocking histamine in the stomach, reducing acid production. This helps alleviate heartburn, heal ulcers, and prevent future ulcers. Cimetidine HCl is available in both prescription and over-the-counter forms, depending on the strength and purpose of use.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How fast does Cimetidine HCl work?
Cimetidine HCl begins to work within 30 minutes to an hour after taking a dose, providing relief for up to 12 hours.
Can I take Cimetidine HCl with other medications?
Cimetidine HCl can interact with several other medications, especially those metabolized by the liver. Always consult your healthcare provider before taking it with other medications.
Is Cimetidine HCl safe for long-term use?
Cimetidine HCl can be used for long-term treatment under the guidance of a healthcare provider. Periodic evaluations are recommended to ensure it remains appropriate for your condition.
Can Cimetidine HCl be used for heartburn relief?
Yes, the over-the-counter version of Cimetidine HCl is effective for treating heartburn and indigestion. It is important to follow the dosage instructions for safe use.
Does Cimetidine HCl interact with alcohol?
Yes, Cimetidine HCl can increase blood alcohol levels by reducing alcohol metabolism in the stomach. Alcohol consumption should be limited while using this medication.
Does Cimetidine HCl interact with alcohol?
Yes, Cimetidine HCl can increase blood alcohol levels by reducing alcohol metabolism in the stomach. Alcohol consumption should be limited while using this medication.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Cimetidine HCl Work?
Cimetidine HCl works by inhibiting the action of histamine on H2 receptors found in the stomach lining. Histamine stimulates acid production, so by blocking these receptors, Cimetidine HCl effectively reduces the amount of acid produced. This action helps in treating acid-related conditions such as ulcers and GERD.
Common Dosages
- Tablets: 200 mg, 400 mg, 800 mg
- Oral Solution: 300 mg/5 mL
- Injectable Solution: Typically used in hospital settings with varying dosages based on clinical needs.
Typical Dosing
- For ulcers and GERD: The typical dose is 400 mg twice daily or 800 mg at bedtime for 4 to 8 weeks.
- For heartburn (OTC use): 200 mg can be taken up to twice daily as needed, with a maximum of 400 mg in a 24-hour period.
- For Zollinger-Ellison syndrome: Higher doses, often starting at 300 mg four times a day, depending on the patient's needs and severity.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
- Gastric and duodenal ulcers
- Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (excessive stomach acid)
- Prevention of ulcer recurrence
- Over-the-counter use for heartburn and acid indigestion
Who Shouldn't Take Cimetidine HCl?
- Hypersensitivity or allergy to Cimetidine or any of its components
- Severe liver or kidney dysfunction (use with caution and under supervision)
- Caution is required when taken with medications that are metabolized by the liver.
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take Cimetidine HCl with or without food, but follow your doctor’s recommendations regarding timing.
- Avoid taking Cimetidine with antacids, as this can reduce the effectiveness of the medication. Space antacid use by at least 1 hour.
- Inform your doctor of all medications you’re currently taking, as Cimetidine HCl has multiple drug interactions.
- If using Cimetidine HCl for heartburn relief, only use the over-the-counter dose for short-term treatment. Consult your doctor if symptoms persist.
Side Effects of Cimetidine HCl
Common Side Effects
- Headache
- Dizziness
- Diarrhea or constipation
- Fatigue
- Rash
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Confusion or agitation, especially in elderly patients
- Gynecomastia (breast swelling or tenderness) in men
- Irregular heartbeat
Risks and Warnings of Cimetidine HCl
- Drug Interactions: Cimetidine HCl inhibits certain liver enzymes responsible for metabolizing other drugs, which may lead to increased drug levels. This is particularly important for medications such as warfarin, theophylline, and phenytoin.
- Kidney and Liver Disease: Patients with impaired kidney or liver function may require dose adjustments, and careful monitoring is necessary.
- Elderly Patients: Elderly individuals may be more sensitive to the side effects of Cimetidine HCl, particularly confusion or dizziness.
Interactions with Cimetidine HCl
Common Drug Interactions
- Warfarin: Cimetidine HCl may increase warfarin levels, requiring close monitoring of blood clotting parameters.
- Phenytoin and Theophylline: These drugs may have increased blood levels when taken with Cimetidine HCl, which could lead to toxicity.
- Alcohol: Cimetidine HCl can increase the effects of alcohol by slowing its breakdown in the body. Alcohol consumption should be limited while taking Cimetidine HCl.
Alternatives to Cimetidine HCl
- Ranitidine: Another H2 receptor antagonist that reduces stomach acid.
- Famotidine: A widely used H2 blocker that is considered more selective and has fewer drug interactions.
- Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs): Such as omeprazole or lansoprazole, often used for long-term or severe GERD and ulcer management.
- Antacids: Used for fast, short-term relief of heartburn and indigestion.