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Benazepril HCl
Benazepril HCl is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension). By lowering blood pressure, Benazepril helps prevent strokes, heart attacks, and kidney problems. It works by relaxing blood vessels so that blood can flow more easily. Benazepril may be used alone or in combination with other medications to manage hypertension.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for Benazepril to start working?
Benazepril may start to lower blood pressure within 1 hour of taking a dose, with the full effect occurring within 2 to 4 hours. However, it may take several weeks to achieve the maximum blood pressure-lowering effect.
Can I stop taking Benazepril if my blood pressure improves?
No, you should not stop taking Benazepril without consulting your healthcare provider. Stopping the medication suddenly can lead to a rebound increase in blood pressure, which can be dangerous. Your healthcare provider will guide you on how to safely discontinue the medication if necessary.
Is Benazepril safe to use during pregnancy?
Benazepril is not safe to use during pregnancy, particularly in the second and third trimesters, as it can cause injury or death to the developing fetus. Women who are pregnant or planning to become pregnant should consult their healthcare provider for alternative treatments.
Can Benazepril be taken with food?
Yes, Benazepril can be taken with or without food. However, it is important to take it at the same time each day to maintain consistent blood levels.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Benazepril?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is close to the time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and take your next dose at the regular time. Do not take two doses at once.
Can I take Benazepril in combination with other blood pressure medications?
Yes, sometimes doctors do prescribe a combination of blood pressure medications for an effective treatment. However, always keep your doctor informed about all the medications you're currently taking to avoid potential drug interactions.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Benazepril HCl Work?
Benazepril works by inhibiting the angiotensin-converting enzyme, which is responsible for the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor. By blocking this conversion, Benazepril reduces the levels of angiotensin II, leading to the relaxation of blood vessels (vasodilation) and a subsequent decrease in blood pressure. It also reduces the secretion of aldosterone, which decreases sodium and water retention, further lowering blood pressure.
What is Benazepril HCl Used For?
Treatment of Hypertension: To lower blood pressure, which helps prevent strokes, heart attacks, and kidney problems.
Off-label uses may include heart failure and diabetic nephropathy, though these uses should be guided by a healthcare provider.
Common Dosages
Benazepril HCl is available by prescription only. It is not classified as a controlled substance. It is commonly available in tablet form in various strengths, including 5 mg, 10 mg, 20 mg, and 40 mg.
Benazepril is usually taken once or twice daily, with or without food. It is important to take it at the same time each day to maintain an even level of the medication in your blood. If a dose is missed, it should be taken as soon as remembered unless it is close to the time of the next dose, in which case the missed dose should be skipped.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
The typical dosage of Benazepril for adults is:
- Initial dose: 10 mg once daily for patients not receiving a diuretic.
- Maintenance dose: 20 mg to 40 mg per day, taken as a single dose or divided into two doses.
Dosage may be adjusted based on the patient's response and tolerance, with the maximum recommended daily dose being 80 mg.
Who Shouldn't Take Benazepril HCl?
Benazepril HCl is contraindicated in patients with:
- A history of angioedema related to previous treatment with an ACE inhibitor.
- Known hypersensitivity to Benazepril or any other ACE inhibitors.
- Use during pregnancy, especially in the second and third trimesters, due to the risk of fetal harm.
- Concurrent use with aliskiren in patients with diabetes.
Advice From The Pharmacist
Patients taking Benazepril should be advised to:
- Monitor their blood pressure regularly to ensure the medication is effective.
- Avoid potassium supplements or salt substitutes containing potassium unless directed by a healthcare provider, as Benazepril can increase potassium levels in the blood.
- Be aware of potential side effects, such as dizziness, particularly when standing up quickly, which can result from lowered blood pressure.
- Report any signs of angioedema (such as swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat) immediately, as this can be a serious side effect.
- Inform their healthcare provider of all medications they are taking, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements, to avoid potential interactions.
Side Effects of Benazepril HCl
Common Side Effects
Common side effects of Benazepril HCl may include:
- Dizziness or lightheadedness
- Cough (a persistent dry cough is a well-known side effect of ACE inhibitors)
- Headache
- Fatigue
- Nausea
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
Serious side effects can include:
- Angioedema (swelling of the face, throat, or limbs)
- High potassium levels (hyperkalemia)
- Kidney dysfunction
- Severe hypotension (low blood pressure)
Patients should seek immediate medical attention if they experience symptoms of angioedema, severe dizziness, or fainting.
Risks and Warnings of Benazepril HCl
- Angioedema: Benazepril can cause angioedema, a potentially life-threatening condition characterized by swelling of the deeper layers of the skin, often around the eyes and lips, and sometimes the throat. Patients with a history of angioedema are at higher risk.
- Hyperkalemia: Benazepril can increase blood potassium levels, particularly in patients with kidney disease, diabetes, or those taking potassium-sparing diuretics.
- Renal Function: Benazepril can affect kidney function, especially in patients with pre-existing kidney conditions. Monitoring of renal function is advised, especially during the first few weeks of treatment.
Hypotension: Severe hypotension can occur, particularly in patients who are volume-depleted or on diuretic therapy.
Interactions with Benazepril HCl
Common Drug Interactions
Benazepril HCl may interact with other medications, including:
- Potassium-sparing diuretics and potassium supplements: Can increase the risk of hyperkalemia.
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): May reduce the antihypertensive effects of Benazepril and increase the risk of kidney damage.
- Lithium: Co-administration with Benazepril can increase lithium levels and risk of lithium toxicity.
- Diuretics: Concurrent use may enhance the blood pressure-lowering effects, increasing the risk of hypotension.
Patients should inform their healthcare provider of all medications and supplements they are taking to avoid potential interactions.
Alternatives to Benazepril HCl
Alternative treatments for hypertension include:
- Other ACE inhibitors: Such as lisinopril or enalapril.
- Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs): Such as losartan or valsartan, which may be used in patients who cannot tolerate ACE inhibitors.
- Calcium channel blockers: Such as amlodipine.
- Beta-blockers: Such as metoprolol.
- Diuretics: Such as hydrochlorothiazide.
The choice of treatment depends on the patient's specific health condition, response to previous treatments, and any underlying medical conditions.