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Amphetamine-Dextroamphet ER
Amphetamine-Dextroamphet ER, commonly known as Adderall XR, is an extended-release formulation of a combination of amphetamine and dextroamphetamine. It is primarily prescribed for the treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy. This medication works by increasing the levels of certain neurotransmitters, such as dopamine and norepinephrine, in the brain, which helps improve attention, focus, and impulse control in individuals with ADHD, as well as promoting wakefulness in those with narcolepsy. The extended-release formulation allows for a gradual release of the medication throughout the day, providing sustained symptom control.
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Frequently Asked Questions
Can Amphetamine-Dextroamphet ER be taken with food?
Yes, Amphetamine-Dextroamphet ER can be taken with or without food. However, taking it with food may help reduce stomach upset.
How long does it take for Amphetamine-Dextroamphet ER to start working?
Amphetamine-Dextroamphet ER typically begins to work within 30 to 60 minutes after taking a dose, with effects lasting up to 10 to 12 hours due to its extended-release formulation.
Is Amphetamine-Dextroamphet ER safe during pregnancy?
Amphetamine-Dextroamphet ER is generally not recommended during pregnancy due to the potential risk of harm to the fetus. Consult your healthcare provider for advice if you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Amphetamine-Dextroamphet ER?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is late in the day, skip the missed dose to avoid interfering with sleep. Do not double up on doses to make up for a missed one.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Amphetamine-Dextroamphet ER Work?
Amphetamine-Dextroamphet ER works by increasing the release of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain while also inhibiting their reuptake. This results in increased levels of these neurotransmitters in the synaptic cleft, enhancing stimulation of the central nervous system. The extended-release formulation allows for a gradual release of the medication, providing sustained therapeutic effects throughout the day.
What is Amphetamine-Dextroamphet ER Used For?
Amphetamine-Dextroamphet ER is FDA-approved for the treatment of:
- Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
- Narcolepsy (off-label use)
Common Dosages
Amphetamine-Dextroamphet ER is commonly available in the following dosages:
- 5 mg capsules
- 10 mg capsules
- 15 mg capsules
- 20 mg capsules
- 25 mg capsules
- 30 mg capsules
Typical Dosing
The typical dosing for Amphetamine-Dextroamphet ER varies based on the condition being treated:
- ADHD: Start with 10 mg once daily in the morning. The dosage may be increased by 5 mg to 10 mg at weekly intervals, with a maximum dose of 30 mg per day.
- Narcolepsy: Off-label use, typical dosing is individualized based on patient response and tolerability.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
Amphetamine-Dextroamphet ER is FDA-approved for the treatment of:
- Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
- Narcolepsy (off-label use)
Who Shouldn't Take Amphetamine-Dextroamphet ER?
Amphetamine-Dextroamphet ER should not be used in patients with:
- Advanced arteriosclerosis
- Symptomatic cardiovascular disease
- Moderate to severe hypertension
- Hyperthyroidism
- Glaucoma
- Known hypersensitivity or idiosyncratic reactions to amphetamines
- A history of drug abuse
- Concurrent use of monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) or within 14 days of discontinuing MAOIs
Advice From The Pharmacist
Patients taking Amphetamine-Dextroamphet ER should:
- Take the medication exactly as prescribed, typically in the morning to avoid insomnia.
- Avoid alcohol, as it can increase the risk of side effects such as dizziness or impaired judgment.
- Be aware of the potential for abuse and dependence, and use the medication only as directed.
- Monitor blood pressure and heart rate regularly, especially if they have a history of cardiovascular disease.
- Inform their healthcare provider if they experience any significant mood changes, such as increased agitation, aggression, or depression.
Side Effects of Amphetamine-Dextroamphet ER
Common Side Effects
Common side effects of Amphetamine-Dextroamphet ER include:
- Insomnia
- Decreased appetite
- Dry mouth
- Anxiety
- Increased heart rate (tachycardia)
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
Serious side effects may include:
- Hypertension (high blood pressure)
- Cardiovascular events (e.g., heart attack, stroke)
- Psychiatric symptoms (e.g., psychosis, mania)
- Growth suppression in children with long-term use
- Dependence and withdrawal symptoms
Risks and Warnings of Amphetamine-Dextroamphet ER
Major risks and warnings associated with Amphetamine-Dextroamphet ER include:
- Cardiovascular Risk: Amphetamine-Dextroamphet ER can increase heart rate and blood pressure, which may be dangerous for patients with preexisting cardiovascular conditions. Regular monitoring of cardiovascular function is recommended.
- Psychiatric Risk: Amphetamine-Dextroamphet ER may exacerbate preexisting psychiatric conditions, such as anxiety, agitation, or psychosis. Patients should be monitored for any new or worsening psychiatric symptoms.
- Abuse and Dependence: As a Schedule II controlled substance, Amphetamine-Dextroamphet ER carries a high risk of abuse, dependence, and addiction. It should be used with caution and under close supervision, particularly in patients with a history of substance abuse.
Interactions with Amphetamine-Dextroamphet ER
Common Drug Interactions
Amphetamine-Dextroamphet ER may interact with:
- Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs): Increased risk of hypertensive crisis. Do not use concurrently or within 14 days of MAOI therapy.
- Antihypertensive Medications: May reduce the effectiveness of blood pressure-lowering drugs.
- Acidifying Agents: May decrease the effectiveness of Amphetamine-Dextroamphet ER by increasing urinary excretion.
- Alkalinizing Agents: May increase the effectiveness of Amphetamine-Dextroamphet ER by decreasing urinary excretion.
Patients should inform their healthcare provider of all medications, supplements, and herbal products they are taking to avoid potential drug interactions.
Alternatives to Amphetamine-Dextroamphet ER
Alternative medications to Amphetamine-Dextroamphet ER include:
- Methylphenidate ER (Concerta): Another extended-release CNS stimulant used to treat ADHD.
- Lisdexamfetamine (Vyvanse): A prodrug of dextroamphetamine used for ADHD and binge eating disorder.
- Atomoxetine (Strattera): A non-stimulant medication for ADHD that works by inhibiting norepinephrine reuptake.
