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Ambrisentan
Ambrisentan is the generic version of Letairis. It is prescribed for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) to improve exercise capacity and delay clinical worsening. Ambrisentan belongs to the drug class of endothelin receptor antagonists, which help relax blood vessels and reduce the pressure in the lungs.
Drug Availability and Controlled Substance Status
Ambrisentan is available in oral tablet form, typically in strengths of 5 mg and 10 mg. It is not classified as a controlled substance, making it accessible with a prescription without the restrictions that come with controlled medications.
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Frequently Asked Questions
Can Ambrisentan be used in combination with other PAH medications?
Yes, Ambrisentan can be used in combination with other PAH medications like phosphodiesterase inhibitors or prostacyclin analogs, depending on the patient's condition.
How long does it take for Ambrisentan to work?
Patients may notice improvements in their symptoms within a few weeks of starting Ambrisentan, but it may take several months to experience the full benefits.
Is it safe to stop taking Ambrisentan abruptly?
No, stopping Ambrisentan abruptly may worsen PAH symptoms. Always consult with your healthcare provider before making any changes to your medication regimen.
Can I just stop taking Ambrisentan after my symptoms are gone?
No, don't do that. Ambrisentan is for long-term management of PAH. Stopping it suddenly could do more harm than good. Always consult your doctor for any changes to medication.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Ambrisentan Work?
Ambrisentan works by blocking the action of endothelin, a substance in the body that causes blood vessels to constrict. By antagonizing the endothelin receptors, Ambrisentan helps to relax and widen the blood vessels in the lungs, reducing the blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries and improving symptoms associated with PAH.
What is Ambrisentan Used For?
Common Dosages
Ambrisentan is commonly available in the following dosages:
- 5 mg tablets
- 10 mg tablets
Typical Dosing
The typical dosing for Ambrisentan is:
- Adults: Start with 5 mg once daily, which may be increased to 10 mg once daily based on the patient's response and tolerability.
Children: The safety and efficacy of Ambrisentan in pediatric patients have not been established.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
Ambrisentan is FDA-approved for the treatment of:
- Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in adults
There are no widely recognized off-label uses for Ambrisentan.
Off-Label Uses
Who Shouldn't Take Ambrisentan?
Ambrisentan should not be used in patients with:
- Pregnancy (due to the risk of fetal harm)
- Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)
- Severe liver impairment or elevated liver enzymes
- Known hypersensitivity to Ambrisentan or any of its components
Advice From The Pharmacist
Patients taking Ambrisentan should:
- Take the medication exactly as prescribed, usually once daily with or without food.
- Avoid pregnancy while taking Ambrisentan and use effective contraception.
- Regularly monitor liver function and hemoglobin levels as advised by their healthcare provider.
- Report any signs of liver issues (e.g., yellowing of the skin or eyes) or symptoms of anemia (e.g., unusual tiredness, pale skin).
Side Effects of Ambrisentan
Common Side Effects
Common side effects of Ambrisentan include:
- Peripheral edema (swelling of the legs and ankles)
- Nasal congestion
- Headache
- Dizziness
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
Serious side effects may include:
- Liver damage
- Anemia
- Hypotension
Risks and Warnings of Ambrisentan
Major risks and warnings associated with Ambrisentan include:
- Pregnancy Risk: Ambrisentan is contraindicated during pregnancy due to the risk of fetal harm. Women of childbearing potential must use effective contraception and have regular pregnancy tests.
- Liver Toxicity: Regular liver function tests are necessary to monitor for signs of liver damage.
- Anemia Risk: Hemoglobin levels should be monitored, as Ambrisentan may cause a decrease in red blood cells.
Interactions with Ambrisentan
Common Drug Interactions
Ambrisentan may interact with:
- Cyclosporine: Increased blood levels of Ambrisentan may occur, requiring dosage adjustment.
- Rifampin: May decrease the effectiveness of Ambrisentan.
- Contraceptives: Hormonal contraceptives may be less effective; additional non-hormonal contraception is recommended.
No specific food interactions have been identified, but patients should avoid alcohol, as it may exacerbate certain side effects.
Alternatives to Ambrisentan
Alternative medications to Ambrisentan include:
- Bosentan: Another endothelin receptor antagonist used for PAH.
- Sildenafil (Revatio): A phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor used for PAH.
- Tadalafil (Adcirca): Another option for managing pulmonary arterial hypertension.
