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Varenicline Tartrate
Varenicline Tartrate is a smoking cessation aid used to help people quit smoking. It works by reducing cravings for nicotine and blocking the pleasurable effects of smoking. Varenicline is the active ingredient in the brand-name medication Chantix. It is often prescribed to individuals who are motivated to quit smoking but need additional support to manage withdrawal symptoms and reduce their desire for cigarettes.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for varenicline to start working?
Varenicline starts to reduce nicotine cravings and withdrawal symptoms within the first week of use. You should set a quit date for 1 to 2 weeks after starting the medication.
Can I continue smoking while taking varenicline?
Yes, you can continue smoking during the first week or two while taking varenicline. The goal is to quit smoking by week 2 of treatment as the medication begins to reduce cravings.
Does varenicline cause weight gain?
Varenicline itself does not cause weight gain, but some individuals may gain weight after quitting smoking. This is a common effect of smoking cessation, not the medication itself.
Can I use varenicline with other smoking cessation products?
Varenicline can be used with behavioral therapies, but it should generally not be combined with other nicotine replacement products unless under the supervision of your healthcare provider.
What should I do if I miss a dose of varenicline?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it’s almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not double up on doses.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Varenicline Tartrate Work?
Varenicline works by acting as a partial agonist at the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the brain. It stimulates these receptors to reduce nicotine cravings and withdrawal symptoms while simultaneously blocking nicotine from binding fully, preventing the pleasurable effects of smoking. This dual action makes it easier for individuals to quit smoking by reducing both physical cravings and the reinforcing effects of nicotine.
Common Dosages
- 0.5 mg and 1 mg oral tablets.
Typical Dosing
- Starting dose: The initial dose is 0.5 mg once daily for the first 3 days, followed by 0.5 mg twice daily for days 4 to 7.
- Maintenance dose: Starting on day 8, the dose is increased to 1 mg twice daily for the remainder of the treatment, usually for 12 weeks.
- A second 12-week course may be recommended for those who need additional help in quitting smoking.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Smoking cessation (to help people stop smoking).
Who Shouldn't Take Varenicline Tartrate?
- Known hypersensitivity to varenicline or any components of the formulation.
- Severe renal impairment may require dosage adjustment or caution.
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take varenicline after eating and with a full glass of water to reduce the risk of nausea, which is a common side effect.
- You should set a quit date during the first 1 to 2 weeks of treatment, as this is when varenicline reaches its full effect in reducing cravings.
- If you experience changes in mood, behavior, or thoughts of harming yourself, stop taking varenicline and contact your healthcare provider immediately.
- Continue taking varenicline for the entire prescribed duration, even if you stop smoking sooner.
- Store the medication at room temperature, away from heat and moisture.
Side Effects of Varenicline Tartrate
Common Side Effects
- Nausea
- Insomnia
- Headache
- Abnormal dreams
- Constipation
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Mood changes (e.g., depression, agitation, suicidal thoughts)
- Severe allergic reactions (rash, itching, swelling, difficulty breathing)
- Seizures
Risks and Warnings of Varenicline Tartrate
- Neuropsychiatric Symptoms: Varenicline has been associated with mood changes, depression, and suicidal thoughts. If you experience any changes in mood or behavior, stop using varenicline and contact your healthcare provider immediately.
- Cardiovascular Risk: There may be an increased risk of cardiovascular events (such as heart attack or stroke) in individuals with a history of heart disease, although this is not well established. Consult your doctor if you have a history of heart disease.
- Allergic Reactions: In rare cases, varenicline can cause serious allergic reactions, including angioedema (swelling of the face, lips, or throat). Seek immediate medical help if these symptoms occur.
Interactions with Varenicline Tartrate
Common Drug Interactions
- Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT): Combining varenicline with nicotine patches or other nicotine products can increase the risk of side effects such as nausea, headache, or abnormal dreams.
- Alcohol: Some individuals may experience increased effects of alcohol, including unusual or aggressive behavior, while taking varenicline. Monitor your alcohol consumption closely.
- Other CNS depressants (e.g., sedatives, alcohol): Caution is advised when using varenicline alongside other substances that can affect the central nervous system.
Alternatives to Varenicline Tartrate
- Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT): Nicotine patches, gum, lozenges, or inhalers that provide small, controlled amounts of nicotine to reduce withdrawal symptoms.
- Bupropion (Zyban): Another prescription medication used for smoking cessation that works by influencing neurotransmitters involved in nicotine addiction.
- Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): A non-pharmacological approach to help change smoking behaviors and manage cravings.
