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Urso 250
Urso 250 (generic name: ursodiol) is a bile acid used to treat certain liver and gallbladder conditions. It is most commonly prescribed to dissolve cholesterol gallstones and to manage primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), a chronic liver disease that affects the bile ducts. Ursodiol works by reducing the amount of cholesterol produced by the liver and absorbed by the intestines, helping to dissolve gallstones and improve liver function in patients with PBC.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for Urso 250 to dissolve gallstones?
It can take 6 months to 2 years for Urso 250 to fully dissolve gallstones, depending on the size and number of the stones.
Can Urso 250 prevent new gallstones from forming?
Yes, Urso 250 may help prevent the formation of new gallstones in certain individuals, especially those at risk due to rapid weight loss or specific medical conditions.
Does Urso 250 cure primary biliary cholangitis (PBC)?
Urso 250 does not cure PBC but helps manage the condition by improving bile flow and reducing liver inflammation. It can slow disease progression and improve liver function in many patients.
Can Urso 250 be used after gallbladder surgery?
Urso 250 is generally not needed after gallbladder removal, as the risk of gallstones is eliminated. However, it may be used in some cases to manage other liver or bile duct conditions.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Urso 250?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember unless it is close to the time for your next dose. Do not double up on doses.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Urso 250 Work?
Ursodiol works by reducing the production of cholesterol in the liver and the absorption of cholesterol in the intestines. This action helps reduce the saturation of bile with cholesterol, which can lead to the dissolution of cholesterol gallstones. In patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), ursodiol improves bile flow and reduces inflammation in the bile ducts, helping to slow disease progression and improve liver function.
Common Dosages
- 250 mg oral tablets.
Typical Dosing
- For gallstone dissolution: The typical dose is 8 to 10 mg/kg/day divided into two or three doses. Treatment can take several months to achieve results.
- For primary biliary cholangitis: The typical dose is 13 to 15 mg/kg/day divided into two to four doses.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Dissolution of cholesterol gallstones in patients who are not candidates for gallbladder removal surgery.
- Treatment of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC).
Who Shouldn't Take Urso 250?
- Calcified gallstones, as ursodiol is only effective on cholesterol gallstones.
- Biliary obstruction (blockage of the bile ducts).
- Known hypersensitivity to ursodiol or any of the components of the formulation.
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take Urso 250 exactly as prescribed, and with food if it causes stomach upset.
- It may take months of continuous treatment for gallstones to dissolve, so continue taking the medication as directed, even if you don’t notice immediate improvements.
- Regular monitoring of liver function tests is important while using Urso 250, particularly in patients with primary biliary cholangitis.
- Store Urso 250 at room temperature, away from moisture and heat.
Side Effects of Urso 250
Common Side Effects
- Diarrhea or constipation
- Nausea or upset stomach
- Dizziness or headache
- Back pain
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Severe abdominal pain (a sign of gallstone complications or bile duct obstruction)
- Liver problems (jaundice, dark urine, or clay-colored stools)
- Allergic reactions (rash, itching, swelling, difficulty breathing)
Risks and Warnings of Urso 250
- Liver Monitoring: Regular liver function tests are necessary, particularly for patients with primary biliary cholangitis. Urso 250 can help slow liver damage, but your healthcare provider will need to monitor your liver’s response to treatment.
- Gallstone Dissolution: Urso 250 is effective only for non-calcified cholesterol gallstones. It is not effective for calcified, pigment, or radiopaque gallstones, and alternative treatments may be necessary.
- Diarrhea: Ursodiol can cause diarrhea, particularly at higher doses. If diarrhea becomes severe, contact your healthcare provider for possible dose adjustment.
Interactions with Urso 250
Common Drug Interactions
- Cholestyramine and colestipol: These medications can reduce the absorption of Urso 250 and should be taken several hours apart.
- Estrogen-containing contraceptives and lipid-lowering agents: These medications can increase bile cholesterol saturation, potentially reducing the effectiveness of Urso 250.
- Antacids: Antacids containing aluminum can decrease the absorption of ursodiol.
Alternatives to Urso 250
- Chenodiol: Another bile acid used to dissolve cholesterol gallstones.
- Surgical removal of the gallbladder (cholecystectomy): The definitive treatment for symptomatic gallstones.
- Obeticholic acid: A treatment option for primary biliary cholangitis, particularly in patients who do not respond adequately to ursodiol.
