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Tuzistra XR
Tuzistra XR is a prescription medication used to treat cough and upper respiratory symptoms related to allergies or the common cold. It contains two active ingredients: codeine phosphate, an opioid cough suppressant, and chlorpheniramine maleate, an antihistamine. Codeine works by suppressing the cough reflex in the brain, while chlorpheniramine helps reduce symptoms such as sneezing, runny nose, and itching by blocking histamine, a chemical released during allergic reactions. Tuzistra XR is an extended-release oral suspension that provides long-lasting relief from these symptoms.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for Tuzistra XR to work?
Tuzistra XR starts to work within 30 to 60 minutes after administration and provides relief for up to 12 hours due to its extended-release formulation.
Can I take Tuzistra XR with other cold medications?
It is important to avoid taking Tuzistra XR with other medications containing codeine, antihistamines, or cough suppressants to prevent overdose or increased side effects. Always consult your healthcare provider before combining medications.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Tuzistra XR?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is close to the time of your next dose, skip the missed dose. Do not take two doses at once to make up for the missed one.
Can Tuzistra XR cause drowsiness?
Yes, both codeine and chlorpheniramine can cause significant drowsiness. Avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until you know how the medication affects you.
Is Tuzistra XR safe for children?
No, Tuzistra XR is not recommended for children under 18 years of age due to the risk of respiratory depression and other serious side effects.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Tuzistra XR Work?
- Codeine: Acts on the central nervous system to suppress the cough reflex by decreasing activity in the brain’s cough center.
- Chlorpheniramine: Blocks histamine H1 receptors, reducing symptoms like sneezing, itching, and runny nose that are associated with allergic reactions and colds.
Common Dosages
- Codeine phosphate: 14.7 mg per 5 mL
- Chlorpheniramine maleate: 2.8 mg per 5 mL
- The suspension is designed to release the medication gradually over time to provide extended relief.
Typical Dosing
- The typical adult dose is 10 mL every 12 hours. Do not exceed 20 mL in 24 hours.
- Use is limited to short-term treatment. Prolonged use increases the risk of dependency and other serious side effects.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Temporary relief of cough and upper respiratory symptoms caused by allergies or the common cold.
Who Shouldn't Take Tuzistra XR?
- Known hypersensitivity to codeine, chlorpheniramine, or any component of the formulation.
- Respiratory depression or severe asthma.
- Acute or severe bronchial asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
- Children under 18 years of age following tonsillectomy or adenoidectomy.
- Concurrent use of monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) or within 14 days of discontinuing MAOIs.
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take Tuzistra XR exactly as prescribed. Shake the bottle well before each dose.
- Use the provided dosing device to measure the medication accurately. Do not use a household spoon.
- Do not exceed the prescribed dose or take the medication for longer than recommended due to the risk of addiction, respiratory depression, and overdose.
- Avoid alcohol and other central nervous system depressants while using Tuzistra XR, as these substances can increase the risk of serious side effects.
- Store the medication securely to prevent misuse, especially by children or others who may abuse it.
Side Effects of Tuzistra XR
Common Side Effects
- Drowsiness or dizziness
- Nausea or vomiting
- Constipation
- Dry mouth
- Headache
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Respiratory depression (slow or shallow breathing)
- Addiction or misuse due to the opioid content
- Severe allergic reactions (rash, swelling, difficulty breathing)
- Low blood pressure or fainting
Risks and Warnings of Tuzistra XR
- Respiratory Depression: Codeine can cause significant respiratory depression, especially at higher doses or in individuals with compromised lung function. This is a particular risk in elderly patients and those with underlying respiratory conditions.
- Addiction and Misuse: Tuzistra XR contains codeine, an opioid, which can lead to dependence, addiction, and misuse. Use this medication exactly as prescribed, and do not share it with others.
- Sedation: The combination of codeine and chlorpheniramine can cause significant drowsiness and impair your ability to operate machinery or drive. Avoid such activities until you know how the medication affects you.
- Pediatric Use: Tuzistra XR is contraindicated in children younger than 18 years after surgery to remove the tonsils or adenoids due to the risk of serious breathing problems.
Interactions with Tuzistra XR
Common Drug Interactions
- Alcohol and CNS depressants: Combining Tuzistra XR with alcohol, benzodiazepines, or other central nervous system depressants can increase the risk of sedation, respiratory depression, and overdose.
- Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs): Avoid using Tuzistra XR with MAOIs, as it can lead to dangerous interactions, including a hypertensive crisis.
- Other opioid medications: Using multiple opioid-containing medications can increase the risk of serious side effects, including respiratory depression.
Alternatives to Tuzistra XR
- Benzonatate (Tessalon Perles): A non-opioid cough suppressant that numbs the throat and airways to reduce coughing.
- Dextromethorphan (Delsym): An over-the-counter cough suppressant that works by decreasing activity in the brain’s cough center, without the risk of addiction.
- Promethazine with Codeine: Another prescription cough suppressant and antihistamine combination, similar to Tuzistra XR.
