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Terazosin HCl
Terazosin HCl is a alpha-adrenergic blocker used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), a condition in which the prostate becomes enlarged. By relaxing the smooth muscles in blood vessels and the prostate, Terazosin helps lower blood pressure and improves urinary symptoms in men with BPH. This dual benefit makes it useful for treating both conditions in patients who may have overlapping symptoms.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for Terazosin HCl to work?
Terazosin may start to lower blood pressure within a few hours of the first dose, but it may take several weeks of regular use to see the full benefits for BPH symptoms.
Can I take Terazosin for a long time?
Yes, Terazosin can be taken long-term as prescribed by your doctor. Regular monitoring of your blood pressure and prostate symptoms is important to ensure the medication remains effective and safe.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Terazosin?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is close to the time of your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for the missed one.
Can I stop taking Terazosin HCl once my symptoms improve?
No, you should not stop taking Terazosin without consulting your healthcare provider, as stopping suddenly may cause your blood pressure to rise rapidly or your BPH symptoms to return.
Can I drink alcohol while taking Terazosin HCl?
It is best to limit or avoid alcohol while taking Terazosin, as it can increase the risk of dizziness and low blood pressure.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Terazosin HCl Work?
Terazosin works by blocking alpha-1 receptors found in the smooth muscle of blood vessels and the prostate. This relaxes blood vessels, improving blood flow and lowering blood pressure. In the prostate and bladder neck, it relaxes the muscles, reducing symptoms like difficulty urinating and the frequent urge to urinate in men with BPH.
Common Dosages
- 1 mg, 2 mg, 5 mg, and 10 mg tablets
Typical Dosing
- For hypertension: The typical starting dose is 1 mg once daily, usually at bedtime, with doses gradually increased based on response. The maintenance dose typically ranges from 1 to 5 mg daily.
- For BPH: The initial dose is 1 mg once daily, with the dosage gradually increased to a maintenance dose of 5 mg to 10 mg daily, depending on the severity of symptoms.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Hypertension: To lower blood pressure and reduce the risk of stroke, heart attack, and kidney problems.
- Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH): To relieve urinary symptoms associated with an enlarged prostate.
Who Shouldn't Take Terazosin HCl?
- Known hypersensitivity to terazosin or other alpha-blockers
- History of orthostatic hypotension (low blood pressure upon standing)
- Severe liver impairment (use with caution)
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take your first dose at bedtime to reduce the risk of dizziness or fainting due to a sudden drop in blood pressure (first-dose effect).
- Terazosin may cause dizziness or fainting, especially when you first start the medication or after increasing the dose. Get up slowly from a sitting or lying position to avoid dizziness or falls.
- It may take several weeks of regular use to see the full benefits for BPH symptoms. Continue taking the medication as prescribed, even if you don’t notice an immediate improvement.
- Do not stop taking Terazosin suddenly, as this could cause a rapid increase in blood pressure.
- Avoid alcohol, as it can increase the side effects of dizziness and low blood pressure.
Side Effects of Terazosin HCl
Common Side Effects
- Dizziness or lightheadedness, especially after standing up
- Fatigue
- Nasal congestion
- Headache
- Weakness
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Severe hypotension (low blood pressure), particularly after the first dose or when increasing the dose
- Priapism (a prolonged and painful erection)
- Fainting due to a drop in blood pressure
Risks and Warnings of Terazosin HCl
- First-dose Hypotension: Terazosin can cause a significant drop in blood pressure after the first dose or when the dose is increased, leading to dizziness or fainting. To reduce this risk, the initial dose should be taken at bedtime, and any dose increases should be monitored closely.
- Orthostatic Hypotension: This medication may cause a sudden drop in blood pressure when standing up, especially in the elderly or those on other antihypertensive medications.
- Use in Surgery: If you are scheduled for cataract surgery, inform your surgeon that you are taking Terazosin, as it can cause complications during the procedure (known as Intraoperative Floppy Iris Syndrome).
Interactions with Terazosin HCl
Common Drug Interactions
- Blood pressure medications: Combining Terazosin with other antihypertensive drugs (such as beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors, or diuretics) can lead to excessive lowering of blood pressure.
- Phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5) inhibitors (such as sildenafil or tadalafil): These medications for erectile dysfunction can enhance the blood pressure-lowering effects of Terazosin, increasing the risk of hypotension.
- Alcohol: Drinking alcohol can worsen the side effects of dizziness and low blood pressure.
Alternatives to Terazosin HCl
- Doxazosin (Cardura): Another alpha-blocker used to treat hypertension and BPH.
- Tamsulosin (Flomax): A selective alpha-blocker used primarily for the treatment of BPH.
- Prazosin (Minipress): An alpha-blocker used for both hypertension and BPH, similar to terazosin.
