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Tarpeyo
Tarpeyo (generic name: budesonide) is a corticosteroid specifically designed for delayed-release delivery and is used to reduce proteinuria in adult patients with primary immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) at risk of rapid disease progression. IgA nephropathy is a kidney disorder where deposits of IgA (a type of antibody) build up in the kidneys, causing inflammation and kidney damage. Tarpeyo works by suppressing the immune system and reducing inflammation, helping to protect kidney function in patients with IgAN.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long will I need to take Tarpeyo?
Treatment duration with Tarpeyo depends on how well it helps manage proteinuria and kidney function. Your doctor will monitor your response to therapy and may adjust the duration based on your progress.
Can I stop taking Tarpeyo if I feel better?
No, do not stop taking Tarpeyo suddenly without consulting your doctor. Abrupt discontinuation can cause adrenal insufficiency and lead to withdrawal symptoms. Your doctor will guide you on how to taper off the medication if necessary.
Can I take other medications with Tarpeyo?
You should always inform your healthcare provider about any other medications or supplements you are taking. Certain drugs, particularly CYP3A4 inhibitors and live vaccines, may interact with Tarpeyo.
How long does it take for Tarpeyo to start working?
The effects of Tarpeyo on proteinuria may take several weeks to become noticeable. Your doctor will monitor your kidney function and protein levels to assess the effectiveness of the treatment.
Is it safe to take Tarpeyo during pregnancy?
Tarpeyo should not be used during pregnancy unless absolutely necessary, as corticosteroids may carry risks for the fetus. If you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant, discuss treatment options with your healthcare provider.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Tarpeyo Work?
Budesonide is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist that works by reducing inflammation and modulating the immune response. In the context of IgA nephropathy, budesonide helps to reduce inflammation in the kidney's glomeruli, the tiny filtering units of the kidneys. By targeting the immune response, Tarpeyo reduces proteinuria (protein in the urine), which is a key marker of kidney damage in IgA nephropathy.
Common Dosages
- 4 mg delayed-release capsules
Typical Dosing
- The typical dose for Tarpeyo is 16 mg (four 4 mg capsules) taken once daily in the morning. The capsules should be swallowed whole with water and not chewed or crushed.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Reduction of proteinuria in adults with primary immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) who are at risk of rapid disease progression.
Who Shouldn't Take Tarpeyo?
- Hypersensitivity to budesonide or any of its components.
- Severe liver impairment, as this may increase the risk of systemic side effects from budesonide.
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take Tarpeyo once daily in the morning with water. It is important to swallow the capsules whole and avoid chewing, crushing, or breaking them to ensure proper delayed-release action.
- Avoid grapefruit or grapefruit juice, as it can interfere with the metabolism of budesonide and increase the risk of side effects.
- Report any signs of infection (such as fever or persistent sore throat), as budesonide can suppress the immune system, increasing the risk of infections.
- Monitor your blood pressure and blood sugar regularly, especially if you have a history of high blood pressure or diabetes, as corticosteroids can affect these conditions.
Side Effects of Tarpeyo
Common Side Effects
- Headache
- Nausea
- Fatigue
- Abdominal pain
- Hypertension (high blood pressure)
- Acne or skin reactions
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Increased risk of infections due to immunosuppression.
- Osteoporosis or bone weakening with long-term use.
- Adrenal suppression: This can happen if the body's natural production of cortisol is reduced due to the use of corticosteroids.
Risks and Warnings of Tarpeyo
- Immunosuppression: Tarpeyo can weaken the immune system, making patients more susceptible to infections. Avoid contact with people who have contagious illnesses such as the flu or chickenpox, and report any signs of infection immediately.
- Adrenal Insufficiency: Long-term use of corticosteroids like budesonide can lead to adrenal insufficiency, where the body becomes reliant on the drug for cortisol production. If Tarpeyo is discontinued abruptly, it may cause withdrawal symptoms, including fatigue, weakness, and low blood pressure.
- Hypertension and Hyperglycemia: Corticosteroids can raise blood pressure and blood sugar levels. Patients with a history of hypertension or diabetes should monitor these conditions closely while taking Tarpeyo.
Interactions with Tarpeyo
Common Drug Interactions
- CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., ketoconazole, itraconazole): These medications can increase budesonide levels, leading to an increased risk of side effects.
- Grapefruit juice: Avoid grapefruit and grapefruit juice, as they can interfere with the metabolism of budesonide and increase the drug's concentration in the blood.
- Live vaccines: Avoid receiving live vaccines while taking Tarpeyo, as the immunosuppressive effects of corticosteroids can increase the risk of vaccine-related infections.
Alternatives to Tarpeyo
- Prednisone: An oral corticosteroid that is also used to reduce inflammation in autoimmune diseases but is not specifically approved for IgA nephropathy.
- Cyclophosphamide: An immunosuppressive agent sometimes used in severe cases of IgA nephropathy.
- Mycophenolate mofetil (CellCept): Another immunosuppressant used in kidney disease.
- ACE inhibitors or ARBs: Medications commonly used to reduce proteinuria in IgA nephropathy patients.
