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Sivextro
Sivextro (generic name: Tedizolid Phosphate) is an antibiotic used to treat acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSI) caused by certain types of bacteria. It belongs to a class of antibiotics called oxazolidinones, which work by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis, effectively stopping the growth of bacteria. Sivextro is commonly used to treat infections caused by Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA), Streptococcus Pyogenes, and other gram-positive bacteria. It is available in both oral tablet and intravenous (IV) forms, offering flexibility in administration depending on the severity of the infection.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for Sivextro to start working?
Sivextro typically begins working within a few days of starting treatment. Most patients experience improvement in symptoms within 2 to 3 days, but it is important to complete the full course to prevent the infection from returning.
Can Sivextro be used for MRSA?
Yes, Sivextro is effective against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and is often used for skin infections caused by this bacteria.
Is Sivextro safe for long-term use?
Sivextro is typically prescribed for a 6-day course, and long-term use is not recommended due to potential risks such as myelosuppression and peripheral neuropathy.
Can I take Sivextro with food?
Yes, Sivextro can be taken with or without food. There are no specific food restrictions, although it is generally advisable to limit tyramine-containing foods.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Sivextro?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is close to the time of your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take two doses at once.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Sivextro Work?
Sivextro works by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis through binding to the 23S ribosomal RNA of the 50S subunit, which is a part of the bacterial ribosome. This action prevents bacteria from producing proteins necessary for their growth and reproduction. As a result, the bacteria are unable to multiply, leading to the resolution of the infection.
Common Dosages
- 200 mg oral tablet
- 200 mg intravenous infusion
Typical Dosing
- For adults with ABSSSI: The recommended dose of Sivextro is 200 mg once daily for 6 days.
- It can be administered orally or intravenously, depending on the patient's condition and medical needs.
- No dosage adjustment is needed for patients with mild to moderate kidney or liver impairment.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSI) caused by susceptible gram-positive bacteria, including MRSA, Streptococcus species, and Enterococcus faecalis.
Who Shouldn't Take Sivextro?
- Known hypersensitivity or allergic reaction to tedizolid phosphate or any of the components in the formulation.
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Sivextro can be taken with or without food. If you are using the oral form, swallow the tablet whole with water.
- If you are prescribed the intravenous form, it will be administered by a healthcare professional.
- Complete the full 6-day course of Sivextro even if you start feeling better before finishing the medication, as stopping early may lead to a recurrence of the infection or the development of bacterial resistance.
- Store Sivextro tablets at room temperature, away from moisture and heat.
- Common side effects include nausea, headache, and diarrhea. If you experience severe side effects such as rash, difficulty breathing, or signs of an allergic reaction, seek medical attention immediately.
Side Effects of Sivextro
Common Side Effects
- Nausea
- Headache
- Diarrhea
- Vomiting
- Dizziness
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Severe allergic reactions, including rash, swelling, or difficulty breathing
- Myelosuppression (a reduction in blood cell production), especially with long-term use or in individuals with pre-existing blood disorders
Risks and Warnings of Sivextro
- Myelosuppression: Although rare, tedizolid (the active component of Sivextro) may cause myelosuppression, especially if used for longer than the recommended 6-day course. Patients with existing blood disorders should be monitored closely.
- Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD): Antibiotics, including Sivextro, can cause Clostridium difficile infection, which can range from mild diarrhea to severe, life-threatening colitis. Notify your healthcare provider if you experience severe diarrhea, especially if it occurs after starting or completing the treatment.
- Peripheral and optic neuropathy: Long-term use of oxazolidinones has been associated with peripheral and optic neuropathy. Although this is rare with short-term use, it is important to monitor for symptoms such as vision changes or numbness and tingling in the hands or feet.
Interactions with Sivextro
Common Drug Interactions
- MAO inhibitors (e.g., phenelzine, tranylcypromine): While Sivextro has a lower risk of serotonergic interactions compared to other oxazolidinones (like linezolid), caution should still be used when combining it with medications that affect serotonin levels, as it could lead to serotonin syndrome.
- Tyramine-containing foods: Although the risk of interaction is lower with Sivextro compared to other antibiotics in its class, it is still advisable to limit foods high in tyramine (such as aged cheeses, fermented foods, and certain alcoholic beverages) to reduce the risk of hypertensive episodes.
Alternatives to Sivextro
- Linezolid (Zyvox): Another oxazolidinone antibiotic used to treat infections caused by gram-positive bacteria, including MRSA and VRE (vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus).
- Vancomycin: A commonly used antibiotic for serious gram-positive infections, particularly MRSA. It is typically administered intravenously.
- Daptomycin (Cubicin): An alternative antibiotic used for complicated skin infections and bloodstream infections caused by gram-positive bacteria.
- Clindamycin: A lincosamide antibiotic used for skin infections, although resistance can be an issue in some areas.
