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Mexiletine HCl
Mexiletine HCl is an antiarrhythmic medication primarily used to treat ventricular arrhythmias, particularly in patients who have not responded to other treatments. It is a class 1B antiarrhythmic agent that works by stabilizing the cardiac membrane and decreasing the rate of depolarization, which helps restore normal heart rhythm.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How quickly does mexiletine HCl work?
Patients may begin to notice a reduction in arrhythmia symptoms within a few hours to days of starting treatment, although optimal effects may take longer.
Can I take mexiletine HCl with food?
Yes, it can be taken with or without food, but taking it consistently in relation to meals is advisable.
What should I do if I miss a dose?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it’s close to the time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not double up doses.
Are there any dietary restrictions while using mexiletine HCl?
There are no specific dietary restrictions, but maintaining a balanced diet can support overall health.
Is mexiletine HCl safe during pregnancy or breastfeeding?
Consult your healthcare provider if you are pregnant or breastfeeding to discuss the risks and benefits of using mexiletine.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Mexiletine HCl Work?
Mexiletine works by blocking sodium channels in cardiac cells, which slows the influx of sodium during depolarization. This action helps to stabilize the cardiac membrane and suppress abnormal electrical activity in the heart, reducing the frequency and severity of arrhythmias.
Common Dosages
- Capsules: 150 mg and 250 mg.
Typical Dosing
- The usual starting dose is 200 mg taken orally three times daily, which may be adjusted based on individual response, with a typical maintenance dose ranging from 300 mg to 600 mg per day.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Ventricular Arrhythmias: specifically for the treatment of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias.
Who Shouldn't Take Mexiletine HCl?
- Known hypersensitivity to mexiletine or any component of the formulation.
- Severe liver disease.
- Significant bradycardia (slow heart rate) or heart block (unless a pacemaker is in place).
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take mexiletine exactly as prescribed, and do not change the dosage without consulting your healthcare provider.
- Monitor for side effects, especially changes in heart rhythm or significant fatigue.
- Be cautious when operating machinery or driving, as mexiletine can cause dizziness or drowsiness.
Side Effects of Mexiletine HCl
Common Side Effects
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Dizziness
- Tremors
- Fatigue
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Cardiac arrhythmias
- Severe allergic reactions (rash, itching, swelling)
- Liver dysfunction (symptoms include jaundice or dark urine)
Risks and Warnings of Mexiletine HCl
- Cardiac Monitoring: Regular monitoring of cardiac function is important, especially during dose adjustments or in patients with pre-existing heart conditions.
- Liver Function: Periodic liver function tests may be warranted, especially in patients with a history of liver disease.
Interactions with Mexiletine HCl
Common Drug Interactions
- Other Antiarrhythmics: Use caution when combined with other antiarrhythmic medications, as they may interact and alter effects on heart rhythm.
- CYP450 Inhibitors: Drugs that affect liver enzymes may alter the metabolism of mexiletine and require dosage adjustments.
Alternatives to Mexiletine HCl
- Other Antiarrhythmic Agents: Such as amiodarone or lidocaine, depending on the specific type of arrhythmia and patient characteristics.
- Non-Pharmacological Treatments: Such as catheter ablation for certain arrhythmias may be considered based on the individual case.
