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Hepsera
Hepsera (generic name: adefovir dipivoxil) is an antiviral medication used to treat chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in adults and adolescents. It belongs to a class of drugs known as nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). Hepsera works by inhibiting the replication of the hepatitis B virus, thereby reducing viral load and liver inflammation, which can help prevent liver damage and related complications.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for Hepsera to work?
Patients may begin to see improvements in liver function and reduction in viral load within a few weeks, but it may take several months for optimal results.
Can Hepsera be taken during pregnancy?
Hepsera should be used during pregnancy only if the benefits outweigh the risks. Consult your healthcare provider for personalized advice.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Hepsera?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is close to the time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not double up on doses.
Are there any dietary restrictions while taking Hepsera?
There are no specific dietary restrictions, but maintaining a healthy diet is advisable to support liver health.
Is Hepsera safe for long-term use?
Hepsera can be safe for long-term use under the supervision of a healthcare provider, with regular monitoring for potential side effects and effectiveness in managing chronic hepatitis B.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Hepsera Work?
- Inhibiting viral replication: Adefovir dipivoxil is converted into adefovir, which competes with natural substrates for incorporation into viral DNA during replication.
- Blocking reverse transcriptase: By inhibiting the reverse transcriptase enzyme, Hepsera prevents the synthesis of new viral DNA, thereby limiting the virus's ability to multiply and spread.
Common Dosages
- Adefovir dipivoxil: 10 mg tablets, usually taken once daily.
Typical Dosing
- For chronic hepatitis B infection: The recommended dose is 10 mg taken orally once daily, with or without food.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in adults and adolescents aged 12 years and older.
Who Shouldn't Take Hepsera?
- Known hypersensitivity to adefovir or any components of the formulation.
- Severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance < 50 mL/min), as the drug is primarily eliminated through the kidneys.
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take Hepsera exactly as prescribed, and do not miss doses, as this can lead to viral resistance.
- Regular monitoring of liver function and renal function is essential during treatment.
- Avoid alcohol and other hepatotoxic substances, as they can exacerbate liver damage.
Side Effects of Hepsera
Common Side Effects
- Nausea
- Diarrhea
- Headache
- Fatigue
- Abdominal pain
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Severe allergic reactions (such as rash, itching, swelling, or difficulty breathing)
- Liver problems, indicated by jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes) or elevated liver enzymes.
- Renal impairment or nephrotoxicity, especially in patients with pre-existing kidney issues.
Risks and Warnings of Hepsera
- Renal Function: Monitor renal function regularly, especially during the first few weeks of treatment and when using other medications that may affect the kidneys.
- Hepatitis Flare: Discontinuation of Hepsera may lead to a flare of hepatitis; patients should be monitored for worsening liver function.
- Pregnancy and Lactation: The safety of Hepsera during pregnancy and breastfeeding should be discussed with a healthcare provider.
Interactions with Hepsera
Common Drug Interactions
- Other nephrotoxic medications: Use with caution, as concurrent use may increase the risk of kidney damage.
- Tenofovir: Caution is advised when using Hepsera with tenofovir, as both medications can affect kidney function.
Alternatives to Hepsera
- Other antiviral agents: Such as entecavir or tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, which are also used to treat chronic hepatitis B.
- Interferon therapy: Pegylated interferon alpha is another option for patients with chronic hepatitis B, although it may have different side effects and treatment regimens.
