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Flagyl
Flagyl, the brand name for metronidazole, is an antibiotic and antiprotozoal medication used to treat a variety of bacterial and parasitic infections. It is commonly prescribed for infections of the digestive system, reproductive organs, skin, and respiratory tract. Flagyl is particularly effective against anaerobic bacteria (bacteria that do not need oxygen to grow) and certain parasites, making it a versatile treatment for conditions like bacterial vaginosis, trichomoniasis, and infections caused by Clostridium difficile. It is available in oral, topical, and intravenous forms, depending on the type and severity of the infection.
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Frequently Asked Questions
What should I do if I miss a dose of Flagyl?
Take the missed dose as soon as you remember, but skip it if it’s close to your next scheduled dose. Do not double up on doses.
Can I take Flagyl with food?
Yes, Flagyl can be taken with or without food, but taking it with food may help reduce stomach upset.
Why can’t I drink alcohol while taking Flagyl?
Drinking alcohol while taking Flagyl can lead to a disulfiram-like reaction, causing symptoms such as severe nausea, vomiting, flushing, and headache.
How long does it take for Flagyl to work?
You may start to see symptom relief within a few days, but it is important to complete the full course of treatment, typically lasting 7 to 14 days, depending on the infection.
Can I take Flagyl during pregnancy?
Flagyl is generally not recommended during the first trimester of pregnancy, but it may be prescribed later in pregnancy if the benefits outweigh the risks. Always consult your healthcare provider if you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Flagyl Work?
Flagyl works by entering the cells of the bacteria or parasites and interfering with their DNA synthesis, preventing them from multiplying. By damaging the DNA, Flagyl causes the death of the harmful organisms. This mechanism makes it effective against anaerobic bacteria and certain protozoa, which are often resistant to other antibiotics.
Common Dosages
- Tablets and capsules: Available in strengths of 250 mg and 500 mg.
- Intravenous (IV) solution: Usually available in concentrations of 500 mg/100 mL.
Typical Dosing
- For bacterial vaginosis: The usual adult dosage is 500 mg taken orally twice daily for 7 days.
- For trichomoniasis: A common dosage is 2 grams taken orally as a single dose.
- For C. difficile infections: The usual dosage is 500 mg taken orally three times daily for 10 days.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Bacterial vaginosis
- Trichomoniasis (a parasitic infection)
- Amebiasis (intestinal parasitic infection)
- Giardiasis (intestinal infection caused by Giardia)
- Clostridium difficile infections (leading to severe diarrhea)
- Infections of the skin, bones, joints, or respiratory system caused by anaerobic bacteria
Who Shouldn't Take Flagyl?
- Known hypersensitivity or allergy to metronidazole or other nitroimidazole derivatives.
- During the first trimester of pregnancy (for certain conditions).
- Patients with active neurological disorders should use it with caution.
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take Flagyl exactly as prescribed, and complete the full course of treatment even if symptoms improve early.
- Avoid alcohol during treatment and for at least 48 hours after completing Flagyl, as it can cause severe nausea and vomiting.
- Be aware of potential side effects and report any unusual symptoms, such as numbness or tingling in the extremities, to your healthcare provider.
Side Effects of Flagyl
Common Side Effects
- Nausea or vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Stomach cramps
- Metallic taste in the mouth
- Headache
- Dizziness
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Severe allergic reactions, such as rash, itching, swelling of the face, lips, or throat.
- Seizures or numbness/tingling in the hands and feet.
- Liver problems, characterized by jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes).
Risks and Warnings of Flagyl
- Flagyl can cause a serious interaction with alcohol, known as the disulfiram-like reaction, which can lead to severe nausea, vomiting, headache, and flushing.
- Do not drink alcohol while taking Flagyl or for at least 48 hours after completing the medication.
- Flagyl may also cause neurological side effects like seizures or nerve damage in rare cases, particularly with long-term use.
- Patients with a history of liver disease or seizure disorders should use Flagyl with caution.
Interactions with Flagyl
Common Drug Interactions
- Alcohol, leading to a disulfiram-like reaction.
- Warfarin (a blood thinner), which may increase the risk of bleeding.
- Lithium, increasing the risk of toxicity.
- Phenobarbital and phenytoin, which may decrease the effectiveness of Flagyl.
Alternatives to Flagyl
- Clindamycin (for bacterial infections)
- Tinidazole (another antiprotozoal for trichomoniasis and giardiasis)
- Vancomycin (for Clostridium difficile infections)
