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Erythromycin Base
Erythromycin Base is a macrolide antibiotic used to treat a variety of bacterial infections. It works by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis, which helps to stop the growth of bacteria. Erythromycin Base is effective against a range of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and is commonly prescribed for respiratory tract infections, skin infections, ear infections, and certain sexually transmitted infections (STIs). It is also used in patients allergic to penicillin as an alternative treatment for infections like strep throat and pneumonia.
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Frequently Asked Questions
Can I take Erythromycin Base with food?
Erythromycin Base is best taken on an empty stomach. However, if it causes stomach upset, you can take it with food.
How long does it take for Erythromycin Base to work?
You should begin to feel better within a few days of starting erythromycin, but it’s important to complete the full course of treatment even if you feel better sooner.
What should I do if I miss a dose?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is close to your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double up doses.
Can I take Erythromycin Base if I am pregnant?
Erythromycin is generally considered safe to use during pregnancy. However, you should consult your healthcare provider to discuss the risks and benefits based on your specific circumstances.
Is Erythromycin Base safe for children?
Yes, Erythromycin Base is safe for children when used in appropriate doses. The dosage will be adjusted based on the child’s weight and the type of infection. Always follow the healthcare provider’s dosing instructions.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Erythromycin Base Work?
Erythromycin Base works by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit of bacterial cells, which inhibits protein synthesis. This action stops the growth of bacteria, allowing the immune system to eliminate the infection. It is considered a bacteriostatic antibiotic, meaning it prevents bacteria from multiplying but does not necessarily kill them.
Common Dosages
- Mild to moderate infections: 250 mg every 6 hours, or 500 mg every 12 hours.
- Severe infections: The dose may be increased to 500 mg every 6 hours.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Respiratory tract infections (e.g., bronchitis, pneumonia)
- Skin and soft tissue infections
- Ear infections (e.g., otitis media)
- Strep throat
- Whooping cough (pertussis)
- Sexually transmitted infections (e.g., chlamydia)
- Diphtheria
Who Shouldn't Take Erythromycin Base?
- Hypersensitivity to erythromycin or other macrolide antibiotics
- Severe liver disease or a history of erythromycin-induced liver dysfunction
- Myasthenia gravis (may worsen muscle weakness)
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take erythromycin on an empty stomach—either 30 minutes before or 2 hours after meals—for optimal absorption. If stomach upset occurs, it can be taken with food.
- Swallow tablets whole without crushing or chewing.
- Complete the full course of the antibiotic, even if you start to feel better, to prevent antibiotic resistance.
- Avoid grapefruit juice while taking erythromycin, as it can interfere with the metabolism of the drug and increase the risk of side effects.
- Store the oral suspension in the refrigerator and discard any unused portion after 10 days.
Side Effects of Erythromycin Base
Common Side Effects
- Nausea
- Diarrhea
- Stomach pain or cramping
- Vomiting
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Liver damage (jaundice, dark urine, abdominal pain)
- Allergic reactions (rash, itching, difficulty breathing)
- Hearing loss (especially with high doses or prolonged use)
- QT prolongation (irregular heart rhythm)
Risks and Warnings of Erythromycin Base
- QT Prolongation: Erythromycin can prolong the QT interval, leading to an increased risk of life-threatening heart arrhythmias. This risk is higher in patients with existing heart conditions or those taking other QT-prolonging drugs.
- Liver Toxicity: Erythromycin has been linked to liver dysfunction, particularly in patients with pre-existing liver disease. If signs of liver damage occur, such as yellowing of the skin or eyes, discontinue the drug and seek medical attention.
- Hearing Loss: Prolonged use, especially at high doses, may lead to reversible hearing loss. Elderly patients and those with renal insufficiency are at higher risk.
Interactions with Erythromycin Base
Common Drug Interactions
- Statins: Erythromycin may increase the risk of rhabdomyolysis (muscle damage) when taken with statins like atorvastatin or simvastatin.
- Warfarin: Erythromycin can increase the anticoagulant effects of warfarin, raising the risk of bleeding.
- Theophylline: Erythromycin may elevate blood levels of theophylline, leading to increased side effects.
- QT-prolonging drugs: Combining erythromycin with drugs like amiodarone or quinidine can increase the risk of serious heart arrhythmias.
Alternatives to Erythromycin Base
- Azithromycin: Another macrolide antibiotic that can be taken less frequently due to its longer half-life.
- Clindamycin: An alternative antibiotic used for skin and soft tissue infections, particularly in patients allergic to macrolides.
- Amoxicillin: A penicillin-class antibiotic commonly used for respiratory and skin infections, particularly in patients who are not allergic to penicillin.
