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Elixophyllin
Elixophyllin is a brand name for theophylline, a bronchodilator used to treat and prevent symptoms of asthma, chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and other lung conditions. Theophylline works by relaxing the muscles in the lungs and opening the airways, making it easier to breathe. It is commonly used for long-term control of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Elixophyllin is available in oral solution form and is typically used for maintaining lung function over time rather than treating acute asthma attacks.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does Elixophyllin take to work?
Elixophyllin starts working within 1 to 2 hours after taking the dose, but its full effects may take several days to stabilize, especially for long-term asthma control.
Can I take Elixophyllin for an acute asthma attack?
No, Elixophyllin is used for long-term management of asthma and COPD. For acute asthma attacks, fast-acting inhalers like albuterol are recommended.
How often should my theophylline blood levels be checked?
Your healthcare provider will typically monitor your blood levels regularly, especially when starting treatment, adjusting your dose, or when you take other medications that may affect theophylline levels.
Can I drink coffee while taking Elixophyllin?
It’s best to limit or avoid caffeine-containing products while taking Elixophyllin, as caffeine can increase the risk of side effects like nervousness, restlessness, and insomnia.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Elixophyllin?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is close to the time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and take your next scheduled dose. Do not double up to make up for the missed dose.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Elixophyllin Work?
Theophylline works by inhibiting phosphodiesterase, an enzyme that breaks down cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), which leads to bronchodilation. This helps relax the smooth muscles of the airways, allowing them to widen and improve airflow. Theophylline also reduces inflammation and has a mild diuretic effect, further helping to reduce lung congestion and improve breathing.
What is Elixophyllin Used For?
- Chronic Asthma (for long-term management)
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), including chronic bronchitis and emphysema
- Bronchospasm caused by reversible airway obstruction
Common Dosages
- Oral liquid solution (80 mg/15 mL)
- Extended-release tablets and capsules
Typical Dosing
- The typical starting dose for adults is based on body weight and individual therapeutic response, often around 200-400 mg per day, divided into doses.
- Theophylline blood levels should be monitored regularly to adjust the dose, as it has a narrow therapeutic range.
- Children’s doses vary based on age and weight and are also adjusted according to blood levels and response.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- For FDA-approved indications:
- Asthma: 10 mg/kg/day for patients under 45kg. 400 mg/day for patients over 45kg.
- COPD: 10 mg/kg/day for patients under 45kg. 400 mg/day for patients over 45kg.
Who Shouldn't Take Elixophyllin?
- Known hypersensitivity to theophylline or other xanthines (e.g., caffeine)
- Peptic ulcer disease (due to its potential to aggravate ulcers)
- Severe arrhythmias (irregular heart rhythms)beat.
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take Elixophyllin at the same time each day to maintain consistent blood levels.
- Do not crush or chew extended-release tablets, as this may release too much of the medication at once.
- Avoid large quantities of caffeine (e.g., coffee, tea, chocolate) while taking Elixophyllin, as caffeine can increase the side effects of theophylline.
- Make sure your doctor monitors your blood levels regularly to avoid toxicity, especially if you experience nausea, vomiting, or restlessness, as these can be early signs of overdose.
Side Effects of Elixophyllin
Common Side Effects
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Restlessness
- Insomnia
- Headache
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Seizures
- Severe arrhythmias (irregular heartbeats)
- Toxicity (due to narrow therapeutic index, especially with high blood levels)
Risks and Warnings of Elixophyllin
- Narrow Therapeutic Range: Theophylline has a narrow therapeutic range, meaning that blood levels need to be closely monitored to avoid toxicity. Overdose can result in serious symptoms such as seizures or life-threatening arrhythmias.
- Drug Interactions: Theophylline can interact with many medications, including antibiotics, seizure medications, and beta-blockers, potentially affecting blood levels of the drug.
- Smoking: Cigarette smoking can affect how your body processes theophylline, often lowering its blood levels. Let your doctor know if you start or stop smoking, as your dose may need to be adjusted.
Interactions with Elixophyllin
Common Drug Interactions
- Antibiotics: Certain antibiotics (e.g., ciprofloxacin, clarithromycin) can increase theophylline levels in the blood, raising the risk of side effects.
- Seizure Medications: Drugs like phenytoin and carbamazepine can decrease theophylline levels, reducing its effectiveness.
- Beta-Blockers: These medications, used for high blood pressure or heart conditions, can increase the risk of side effects when combined with theophylline.
- Caffeine: Caffeine-containing products can increase the stimulant effects of theophylline, leading to nervousness or insomnia.
Alternatives to Elixophyllin
- Albuterol (Ventolin): A short-acting bronchodilator used to relieve acute asthma symptoms.
- Salmeterol (Serevent): A long-acting bronchodilator used to control chronic asthma and COPD symptoms.
- Montelukast (Singulair): A leukotriene receptor antagonist used to manage asthma and allergy-related breathing issues.
- Ipratropium (Atrovent): An anticholinergic bronchodilator used for long-term maintenance of COPD.
