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Drospirenone-Ethinyl Estradiol
Drospirenone-Ethinyl Estradiol is a combination oral contraceptive pill that is primarily used for preventing pregnancy. It contains two hormones: drospirenone, a progestin, and ethinyl estradiol, an estrogen. In addition to birth control, this combination is also prescribed to manage moderate acne, treat premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), and help regulate menstrual cycles. It works by preventing ovulation, altering the cervical mucus to block sperm, and changing the uterine lining to prevent implantation of a fertilized egg.
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Frequently Asked Questions
Can Drospirenone-Ethinyl Estradiol help with acne?
Yes, this medication is FDA-approved for treating moderate acne in women who also seek contraception.
What should I do if I miss a pill?
If you miss a pill, take it as soon as you remember. If you miss two or more pills, use a backup form of contraception, such as condoms, for the next 7 days.
Does Drospirenone-Ethinyl Estradiol protect against sexually transmitted infections (STIs)?
No, this medication does not protect against STIs. You should use condoms or other barrier methods to reduce the risk of infections.
Is Drospirenone-Ethinyl Estradiol safe for women with high blood pressure?
Women with uncontrolled hypertension should avoid this contraceptive, as it may increase the risk of cardiovascular events. Consult with your healthcare provider to assess your personal risk.
Can Drospirenone-Ethinyl Estradiol cause weight gain?
Some women may experience mild weight gain or bloating while taking hormonal contraceptives, but significant weight gain is uncommon with modern low-dose pills.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Drospirenone-Ethinyl Estradiol Work?
Drospirenone-Ethinyl Estradiol prevents pregnancy by combining two hormones to prevent ovulation (the release of an egg from the ovaries). It also thickens the cervical mucus, making it difficult for sperm to reach the egg, and alters the uterine lining to make implantation less likely if fertilization does occur. Additionally, drospirenone has antiandrogenic properties, which can help reduce acne and treat symptoms of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD).
Common Dosages
Drospirenone-Ethinyl Estradiol is available in the following typical dosing:
- Active pills: Contain 3 mg drospirenone and 0.02 mg ethinyl estradiol.
- Inactive pills: Typically taken for 4-7 days during the cycle to allow for withdrawal bleeding.
Typical Dosing
- Take one active pill daily at the same time each day for 21 or 24 days, followed by inactive pills (or no pills) for 4-7 days, depending on the product.
- After finishing one pack, immediately start the next to ensure continuous hormone regulation and prevent pregnancy.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Prevention of pregnancy (birth control)
- Treatment of moderate acne in women seeking contraception
- Management of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)
- Regulation of menstrual cycles and reduction of period-related symptoms
Who Shouldn't Take Drospirenone-Ethinyl Estradiol?
- History of blood clots, stroke, or deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
- Uncontrolled hypertension
- Liver disease
- Known or suspected breast cancer or other hormone-sensitive cancers
- Women over 35 years old who smoke, due to an increased risk of serious cardiovascular events
- Kidney or adrenal disease, as drospirenone can increase potassium levels
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take the pill at the same time every day to ensure consistent hormone levels and maximum effectiveness.
- If you miss a pill, take it as soon as you remember. If you miss more than one pill, you may need to use a backup method of contraception (such as condoms) for the next 7 days.
- This medication can increase potassium levels, so avoid potassium-rich foods or potassium supplements without consulting your healthcare provider.
- Store the medication in a cool, dry place, and keep it out of reach of children.
Side Effects of Drospirenone-Ethinyl Estradiol
Common Side Effects
- Nausea or vomiting
- Breast tenderness
- Headaches or migraines
- Weight gain or bloating
- Mood swings or changes in libido
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Blood clots (deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism)
- Stroke or heart attack, especially in smokers or women with high blood pressure
- Liver problems (jaundice or yellowing of the skin)
- Severe allergic reactions (swelling, difficulty breathing)
Risks and Warnings of Drospirenone-Ethinyl Estradiol
- Cardiovascular Risks: Women who smoke and are over the age of 35 are at a higher risk of serious cardiovascular events, including heart attack, stroke, and blood clots. Smoking cessation is strongly advised.
- Blood Clot Risk: Combination oral contraceptives, particularly those containing drospirenone, are associated with an increased risk of blood clots. Be alert for symptoms like leg pain, swelling, or shortness of breath.
- Hyperkalemia: Drospirenone can increase potassium levels, particularly in women with kidney disease or those taking other medications that affect potassium levels. Potassium levels may need to be monitored.
Interactions with Drospirenone-Ethinyl Estradiol
Common Drug Interactions
- Antibiotics: Certain antibiotics, like rifampin, may reduce the effectiveness of this birth control, increasing the risk of pregnancy.
- Anticonvulsants: Medications such as phenytoin and carbamazepine can decrease the effectiveness of oral contraceptives.
- Potassium-sparing diuretics: Medications like spironolactone can increase the risk of hyperkalemia (high potassium levels).
- NSAIDs: Long-term use of NSAIDs may also elevate potassium levels.
Alternatives to Drospirenone-Ethinyl Estradiol
- Other oral contraceptives: Pills like Yaz, Yasmin, or Ortho Tri-Cyclen are also combination oral contraceptives with varying dosages of hormones.
- Progestin-only pills (mini pills): These are suitable for women who cannot take estrogen-based contraceptives.
- Long-acting reversible contraceptives (LARCs): Such as IUDs (Mirena, Paragard) or implants (Nexplanon), which provide long-term birth control.
- Non-hormonal contraceptives: Such as condoms or diaphragms, for women seeking contraception without hormonal regulation.
