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Digox
Digox (digoxin) is a cardiac glycoside used to treat heart failure and certain types of irregular heartbeats, such as atrial fibrillation. It works by improving the strength and efficiency of the heart's contractions and helps regulate the heart rate. This leads to improved blood circulation and symptom relief in patients with heart failure.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for Digox to work?
Digox starts to work within hours, but full therapeutic effects may take several days to a week, depending on the condition being treated.
Can Digox be taken long-term?
Yes, Digox is commonly used for long-term management of heart failure and atrial fibrillation, but regular monitoring is required to ensure safety and effectiveness.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Digox?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember, unless it is close to the time for your next dose. Do not take an extra dose to make up for the missed one.
What are the signs of Digox toxicity?
Signs of toxicity include nausea, vomiting, confusion, visual changes (such as halos or blurred vision), and irregular heartbeats. If you experience any of these symptoms, contact your healthcare provider immediately.
Can I take Digox with other medications for heart failure?
Yes, Digox is often used in combination with other heart medications such as beta-blockers and ACE inhibitors, but certain medications may interact with digoxin. Always inform your healthcare provider about all medications you are taking.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Digox Work?
Digox works by inhibiting the Na+/K+ ATPase enzyme, increasing intracellular calcium levels in heart muscle cells. This strengthens the contractions of the heart and slows down the electrical impulses, helping to regulate heart rhythm and improve heart efficiency.
What is Digox Used For?
- Heart failure
- Atrial fibrillation
Common Dosages
Digox is available in the following forms:
- Tablets: 125 mcg (0.125 mg), 250 mcg (0.25 mg)
- Oral solution: 0.05 mg/mL
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- The typical dose for adults is 125 mcg to 250 mcg once daily, depending on the patient's age, kidney function, and condition being treated. Regular monitoring of digoxin levels in the blood is necessary to avoid toxicity.
Who Shouldn't Take Digox?
Digox should not be used in individuals with:
- Ventricular fibrillation
- Hypersensitivity to digoxin
- Severe kidney impairment (without proper monitoring
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take Digox at the same time each day to maintain consistent blood levels.
- Be aware of the signs of digoxin toxicity, including nausea, vomiting, visual changes (such as seeing halos), confusion, and irregular heartbeats. Contact your healthcare provider if you experience these symptoms.
- Avoid taking antacids, calcium, or high-fiber foods within 2 hours of taking Digox, as they can interfere with its absorption.
- Regular blood tests to monitor digoxin levels are important, especially for patients with kidney impairment.
Side Effects of Digox
Common Side Effects
- Dizziness
- Fatigue
- Nausea
- Diarrhea
- Headache
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Arrhythmias (irregular heartbeats)
- Digoxin toxicity (nausea, vomiting, vision changes, irregular heart rhythms)
- Bradycardia (slow heart rate)
- Hypokalemia (low potassium levels)
Risks and Warnings of Digox
Toxicity: Digox has a narrow therapeutic range, meaning small changes in dosage or blood levels can cause toxicity. Symptoms include confusion, visual disturbances, nausea, and irregular heartbeats.
Kidney Function: Digox is primarily cleared by the kidneys, so dose adjustments may be needed for patients with impaired kidney function to avoid toxicity.
Electrolyte Imbalance: Low potassium and magnesium levels can increase the risk of digoxin toxicity. Electrolyte levels should be monitored regularly.
Interactions with Digox
Common Drug Interactions
- Diuretics: Can lead to low potassium levels, increasing the risk of digoxin toxicity.
- Calcium channel blockers: May increase digoxin levels in the blood, leading to toxicity.
- Amiodarone: Increases the risk of digoxin toxicity by raising its blood levels.
- Antacids: Can reduce the absorption of Digox and decrease its effectiveness.
Alternatives to Digox
- Beta-blockers (e.g., metoprolol): Used to manage heart failure and atrial fibrillation.
- ACE inhibitors (e.g., lisinopril): Commonly prescribed to improve heart function in patients with heart failure.
- Ivabradine (Corlanor): A medication used for heart failure patients to reduce heart rate.
- Diltiazem: A calcium channel blocker used to manage atrial fibrillation in some patients.
