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Diastat AcuDial
Diastat AcuDial (diazepam rectal gel) is a benzodiazepine used to treat seizure emergencies in patients with epilepsy. It is designed for acute repetitive seizures or cluster seizures, providing rapid relief and preventing further seizures from occurring. The medication is administered rectally, making it a quick and effective option during seizure episodes when oral administration is not feasible.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How quickly does Diastat AcuDial work?
Diastat AcuDial typically begins to work within 10 to 15 minutes after administration to stop seizure activity.
Can Diastat AcuDial be used for regular seizure control?
No, Diastat AcuDial is intended for emergency use only to stop acute seizure clusters. It is not used for daily seizure control.
What should I do if seizures do not stop after using Diastat AcuDial?
If seizures do not stop or worsen after using Diastat AcuDial, seek immediate medical attention.
Can I administer Diastat AcuDial more than once in a day?
Only use Diastat AcuDial as prescribed by your healthcare provider. Typically, a second dose is not given within 24 hours, and repeated use should be done under medical supervision.
Is it safe to use Diastat AcuDial with other seizure medications?
Yes, Diastat AcuDial is often used in conjunction with other seizure medications for emergency seizure control. However, consult your healthcare provider to ensure that there are no interactions or risks based on your specific medication regimen.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Diastat AcuDial Work?
Diastat AcuDial works by enhancing the activity of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain that reduces excessive neuronal firing. This action helps stop seizures and prevent further episodes by calming the central nervous system and stabilizing electrical activity in the brain.
What is Diastat AcuDial Used For?
- Treatment of seizure clusters (acute repetitive seizures) in patients with epilepsy aged 2 years and older
Common Dosages
Diastat AcuDial is available in the following dosing options, which can be dialed based on individual needs:
- 5 mg, 10 mg, 15 mg, 20 mg rectal gel
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
The dosage is individualized based on the patient’s weight and seizure history. For adults, the typical dose ranges from 10 mg to 20 mg.
Pediatric Dosing
Pediatric dosing is weight-based, with adjustments made by the healthcare provider.
Who Shouldn't Take Diastat AcuDial?
Diastat AcuDial should not be used in individuals with:
- Acute narrow-angle glaucoma
- Severe respiratory insufficiency
- Known hypersensitivity to diazepam or other benzodiazepines
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Diastat AcuDial should be used only during a seizure emergency as prescribed. Caregivers should be trained on how to administer the rectal gel properly.
- Store the medication at room temperature and keep it out of reach of children. Diastat AcuDial should be used only as directed by a healthcare provider during a seizure episode.
- After administration, the patient should be monitored closely for signs of respiratory depression or excessive sedation, and medical attention should be sought if seizures do not stop or worsen.
Side Effects of Diastat AcuDial
Common Side Effects
- Drowsiness
- Dizziness
- Fatigue
- Diarrhea
- Unsteady gait
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Respiratory depression (slow or shallow breathing)
- Severe sedation or lethargy
- Allergic reactions (e.g., rash, swelling, difficulty breathing)
Risks and Warnings of Diastat AcuDial
Respiratory Depression: Diastat AcuDial can cause serious breathing problems, especially in patients with respiratory conditions or when combined with other CNS depressants.
Dependence and Withdrawal: Prolonged use of benzodiazepines can lead to dependence, and abrupt discontinuation after long-term use can cause withdrawal symptoms. Use Diastat AcuDial only as prescribed during seizure emergencies.
Sedation and Impairment: Diastat AcuDial may cause drowsiness and impair coordination. Patients should avoid engaging in activities that require full alertness, such as driving, after receiving this medication.
Interactions with Diastat AcuDial
Common Drug Interactions
- Opioids and other CNS depressants: Using Diastat AcuDial with opioids, alcohol, or other CNS depressants increases the risk of severe respiratory depression, sedation, or death.
- Antiepileptic drugs: Caution should be exercised when using Diastat AcuDial with other antiepileptic drugs, as it may potentiate sedative effects.
- Alcohol: Combining alcohol with Diastat AcuDial can intensify the sedative and depressant effects, increasing the risk of severe side effects.
Alternatives to Diastat AcuDial
- Lorazepam (Ativan): An injectable or oral benzodiazepine used in emergency seizure treatment.
- Clonazepam (Klonopin): Another benzodiazepine used for seizure management and prevention of seizure clusters.
- Midazolam: A benzodiazepine available in injectable or nasal spray form for emergency seizure treatment.
