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Dextroamphetamine Sulfate
Dextroamphetamine Sulfate is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant commonly prescribed to treat attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy. It works by increasing the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain, improving focus, attention, and alertness. Dextroamphetamine is one of the most potent stimulants for ADHD treatment and has a high potential for effectiveness in managing symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for Dextroamphetamine Sulfate to work?
Immediate-release forms begin to take effect within 30 to 60 minutes, while extended-release formulations provide effects throughout the day, lasting up to 10-12 hours.
Can I stop taking Dextroamphetamine Sulfate abruptly?
No, stopping this medication suddenly may cause withdrawal symptoms such as fatigue, depression, and irritability. Always consult your healthcare provider for a proper tapering plan if discontinuing.
What should I do if I miss a dose?
Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. If it’s close to the time of your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Can Dextroamphetamine Sulfate cause weight loss?
Yes, decreased appetite is a common side effect, which may result in weight loss, particularly in children. Monitoring of weight and growth is recommended.
Is Dextroamphetamine Sulfate safe for long-term use?
When used as prescribed and monitored by a healthcare provider, Dextroamphetamine Sulfate is generally safe for long-term use. Regular check-ups are necessary to monitor for side effects and ensure the medication remains effective.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Dextroamphetamine Sulfate Work?
Dextroamphetamine works by increasing the release and inhibiting the reuptake of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain. These neurotransmitters help regulate mood, focus, and energy levels. By enhancing their activity, dextroamphetamine improves concentration, reduces hyperactivity, and promotes wakefulness in individuals with narcolepsy.
What is Dextroamphetamine Sulfate Used For?
- Treatment of ADHD in children and adults
- Treatment of narcolepsy
Common Dosages
Dextroamphetamine Sulfate is available in the following strengths:
- Immediate-release tablets: 5 mg, 10 mg
- Extended-release capsules: 5 mg, 10 mg, 15 mg
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- For ADHD, the starting dose is typically 5 mg once or twice daily. The dose may be increased in 5 mg increments weekly, based on response and tolerability.
- For narcolepsy, the starting dose is 10 mg once daily, with dose adjustments made as needed.
Off-Label Uses
- Seasonal allergic rhinitis:10mg by mouth once daily
Who Shouldn't Take Dextroamphetamine Sulfate?
Dextroamphetamine Sulfate should not be used in individuals with:
- Advanced arteriosclerosis
- Severe hypertension
- Hyperthyroidism
- Glaucoma
- Agitation
- History of drug abuse
- Use of monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) or within 14 days of stopping MAOI therapy
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take Dextroamphetamine Sulfate in the morning to avoid sleep disturbances, especially for immediate-release formulations. Extended-release capsules provide longer coverage and are typically taken once daily.
- Avoid consuming caffeine or other stimulants while on this medication, as they can enhance stimulant effects and increase the risk of side effects.
- Regularly monitor blood pressure and heart rate, as stimulants can increase both.
- If you experience decreased appetite, especially in children, ensure that nutritional intake is sufficient to prevent weight loss.
Side Effects of Dextroamphetamine Sulfate
Common Side Effects
- Dry mouth
- Increased heart rate
- Restlessness or nervousness
- Decreased appetite
- Insomnia
- Stomach pain
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Increased blood pressure or heart rate
- Psychiatric symptoms such as new or worsening aggression, agitation, or hallucinations
- Heart-related problems such as chest pain, shortness of breath, or fainting
- Growth suppression in children (with long-term use)
Risks and Warnings of Dextroamphetamine Sulfate
Abuse and Dependence: Dextroamphetamine Sulfate has a high potential for abuse and addiction, particularly in individuals with a history of substance abuse. Take this medication only as prescribed, and do not share it with others.
Cardiovascular Effects: Stimulants can raise blood pressure and heart rate. Patients with pre-existing heart conditions or hypertension should use this medication with caution and undergo regular monitoring.
Growth Suppression: In children, long-term use of stimulants may slow growth. Regular monitoring of height and weight is important during treatment.
Interactions with Dextroamphetamine Sulfate
Common Drug Interactions
- Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs): Taking dextroamphetamine with MAOIs can cause dangerous interactions, including hypertensive crisis.
- Antihypertensive medications: Dextroamphetamine may reduce the effectiveness of blood pressure-lowering medications.
- Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs): These may alter the absorption of dextroamphetamine and affect its efficacy.
Alternatives to Dextroamphetamine Sulfate
- Amphetamine salts (Adderall): A combination of amphetamine and dextroamphetamine used for ADHD and narcolepsy.
- Methylphenidate (Ritalin, Concerta): A CNS stimulant commonly prescribed for ADHD with a similar mechanism of action.
- Lisdexamfetamine (Vyvanse): A prodrug stimulant used to treat ADHD and binge eating disorder, with less potential for abuse.