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Cosopt
Cosopt is a combination ophthalmic solution used to reduce elevated intraocular pressure in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. It contains two active ingredients: dorzolamide, a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, and timolol, a beta-blocker. Together, these medications reduce fluid production in the eye, thereby lowering intraocular pressure and preventing optic nerve damage, which can lead to vision loss.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for Cosopt to start working?
Cosopt typically begins to reduce intraocular pressure within a few hours of application, but full effects may take a few days to be noticeable.
Can I use Cosopt if I wear contact lenses?
You should remove contact lenses before applying Cosopt and wait at least 15 minutes after application before reinserting them, as the solution can be absorbed by the lenses.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Cosopt?
If you miss a dose, apply it as soon as you remember. If it's close to your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose.
Is it safe to use Cosopt during pregnancy?
Cosopt should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Discuss the risks and benefits with your healthcare provider if you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant.
Can I use Cosopt with other glaucoma medications?
Yes, Cosopt can be used with other glaucoma medications, but make sure to wait at least 10 minutes between administering different eye drops to prevent dilution of the medications. Always follow your doctor’s instructions.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Cosopt Work?
Cosopt works by combining two mechanisms:
- Dorzolamide reduces the production of aqueous humor (fluid in the eye) by inhibiting the enzyme carbonic anhydrase.
- Timolol decreases aqueous humor production by blocking beta-adrenergic receptors. Together, these actions lower intraocular pressure, reducing the risk of optic nerve damage.
What is Cosopt Used For?
Open-angle glaucoma
Ocular hypertension
Common Dosages
Cosopt is available by prescription as a sterile ophthalmic solution. It is not classified as a controlled substance and is supplied in a multi-dose bottle for eye drop administration.
- Each mL of solution contains 2% dorzolamide and 0.5% timolol.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
The recommended dosage is one drop in the affected eye(s) twice daily (morning and evening), as directed by a healthcare provider.
Who Shouldn't Take Cosopt?
Cosopt should not be used in individuals with:
- Asthma or severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
- Bradycardia (slow heart rate) or heart block
- Known hypersensitivity to dorzolamide, timolol, or any other components of the formulation
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Wash your hands before using the drops to prevent contamination.
- Tilt your head back and apply one drop into the affected eye(s). Keep your eyes closed for a few minutes after application to allow the medication to be absorbed.
- Do not touch the tip of the dropper to your eye or any surface to avoid contamination.
- If you are using other eye drops, wait at least 10 minutes before applying different medications.
- Store Cosopt at room temperature and keep the bottle tightly closed when not in use.
Side Effects of Cosopt
Common Side Effects
- Burning or stinging sensation in the eyes
- Blurred vision
- Dry eyes
- Bitter taste in the mouth
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Difficulty breathing or wheezing
- Slow or irregular heartbeat
- Severe eye irritation or swelling
Risks and Warnings of Cosopt
Respiratory Risks: Timolol can worsen respiratory conditions such as asthma or COPD. Patients with a history of respiratory issues should use this medication with caution.
Cardiovascular Effects: Timolol may cause bradycardia (slow heart rate) or exacerbate heart failure in certain individuals. Patients with pre-existing heart conditions should inform their doctor before using this medication.
Allergic Reactions: Discontinue use if you experience signs of an allergic reaction, such as swelling, itching, or rash.
Interactions with Cosopt
Common Drug Interactions
- Beta-blockers: Using other beta-blockers with Cosopt can increase the risk of low heart rate and hypotension.
- Oral carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: Combining Cosopt with oral carbonic anhydrase inhibitors like acetazolamide may increase the risk of metabolic acidosis.
- Other eye drops: If using multiple ophthalmic solutions, allow at least 10 minutes between different medications.
Alternatives to Cosopt
- Combigan (brimonidine and timolol): Another combination eye drop for reducing intraocular pressure.
- Trusopt (dorzolamide): A standalone carbonic anhydrase inhibitor used for lowering intraocular pressure.
- Timoptic (timolol): A beta-blocker eye drop used alone to reduce eye pressure.
- Alphagan P (brimonidine): A different class of eye drop for lowering intraocular pressure.
