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Complera
Complera is a combination of emtricitabine, rilpivirine, and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, which are antiviral medications used to treat HIV-1 infection in adults. This once-daily oral tablet is part of antiretroviral therapy (ART) to help reduce the viral load in the blood, improving immune system function and slowing the progression of HIV.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for Complera to start working?
Complera begins to reduce the viral load in a few weeks after starting treatment, but it may take several months for the viral load to become undetectable.
Can I take Complera on an empty stomach?
No, Complera should be taken with a full meal to ensure proper absorption of rilpivirine.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Complera?
If you miss a dose and it is within 12 hours of your regular dosing time, take the dose with a meal. If it’s been more than 12 hours, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule.
Can Complera cure HIV?
No, Complera does not cure HIV but helps control the virus by reducing its levels in the body. Continuing treatment as prescribed helps maintain a low viral load.
Can I take Complera with other medications?
Complera can interact with certain medications, such as PPIs and antacids. Always inform your healthcare provider about any other medications or supplements you are taking.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Complera Work?
Complera works by inhibiting reverse transcriptase, an enzyme HIV uses to replicate its genetic material and produce new viral particles. By blocking this enzyme, Complera helps prevent HIV from multiplying, lowering the amount of virus in the bloodstream and allowing the immune system to function more effectively.
Common Dosages
- Oral tablet: Fixed-dose combination containing emtricitabine 200 mg, rilpivirine 25 mg, and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate 300 mg.
Typical Dosing
- For HIV-1 infection: Take one Complera tablet once daily with a meal. Ensure that the meal contains fat to enhance the absorption of rilpivirine.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- HIV-1 infection in adults who are virologically suppressed (HIV RNA <50 copies/mL) or as an initial therapy in treatment-naive patients.
Who Shouldn't Take Complera?
- Known hypersensitivity to emtricitabine, rilpivirine, tenofovir, or any component of the formulation.
- Concurrent use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), such as omeprazole, as they can reduce rilpivirine absorption.
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take Complera with a full meal to enhance the absorption of rilpivirine.
- Avoid taking Complera with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), as they can interfere with the effectiveness of the medication.
- Inform your healthcare provider if you experience symptoms of lactic acidosis (e.g., weakness, muscle pain, trouble breathing), as this is a rare but serious side effect.
Side Effects of Complera
Common Side Effects
- Headache
- Diarrhea
- Nausea
- Dizziness
- Fatigue
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Lactic acidosis
- Liver problems
- Renal impairment
- Severe skin reactions or allergic responses
Risks and Warnings of Complera
- Lactic Acidosis and Hepatomegaly: Complera may cause a buildup of lactic acid in the blood, which can lead to lactic acidosis, a serious medical condition. Additionally, it may cause hepatomegaly (enlarged liver) with steatosis, especially in patients with liver conditions.
- Renal Impairment: Tenofovir, one of the components of Complera, can cause or worsen kidney problems. Kidney function should be monitored regularly during treatment.
- Bone Loss: Complera may reduce bone mineral density, increasing the risk of fractures. Patients with a history of bone disease should be monitored closely.
Interactions with Complera
Common Drug Interactions
- Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs): Avoid using PPIs with Complera, as they can decrease rilpivirine levels, reducing its effectiveness.
- Antacids and H2-receptor antagonists: These can interfere with the absorption of rilpivirine. Separate dosing times if needed.
- St. John's Wort: This herbal supplement can reduce the effectiveness of Complera by decreasing the levels of rilpivirine.
Alternatives to Complera
- Atripla (efavirenz/emtricitabine/tenofovir): Another once-daily combination tablet used for the treatment of HIV-1 infection.
- Genvoya (elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide): A once-daily tablet used to treat HIV-1 infection.
- Biktarvy (bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide): A single-tablet regimen used for treating HIV-1 infection.
