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Catapres-TTS-1
Catapres-TTS-1 is a transdermal patch that delivers clonidine, an alpha-2 adrenergic agonist used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension). Clonidine works by stimulating receptors in the brain that lower heart rate and relax blood vessels, resulting in reduced blood pressure. The patch provides a consistent release of clonidine over a 7-day period, making it an effective option for patients who need continuous blood pressure control.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for Catapres-TTS-1 to work?
Catapres-TTS-1 starts to lower blood pressure within a few hours of applying the patch, but full effects may take a few days. It provides continuous blood pressure control for 7 days.
Can I wear the patch while bathing or swimming?
Yes, the Catapres-TTS-1 patch is water-resistant and can be worn while bathing, showering, or swimming. However, it should be checked regularly to ensure it is still securely attached.
What should I do if the patch falls off?
If the patch falls off, apply a new patch to a different site immediately. Be sure to follow the same 7-day replacement schedule from the time you applied the new patch.
Can I stop using Catapres-TTS-1 suddenly?
No, stopping Catapres-TTS-1 abruptly can cause a rapid and dangerous increase in blood pressure (rebound hypertension). The dose should be gradually reduced under medical supervision to avoid complications.
What should I do if I experience dizziness while using Catapres-TTS-1?
Dizziness is a common side effect, especially when first starting treatment. To reduce the risk, rise slowly from sitting or lying positions. If the dizziness persists or worsens, contact your healthcare provider for advice.
Can I use Catapres-TTS-1 if I’m pregnant?
Clonidine should only be used during pregnancy if clearly needed and prescribed by a healthcare provider. It is important to discuss the risks and benefits with your doctor before using the medication during pregnancy.
Does Catapres-TTS-1 affect heart rate?
Yes, Catapres-TTS-1 can lower heart rate, sometimes significantly. Patients should monitor for symptoms of bradycardia, such as dizziness, fainting, or fatigue, and contact their healthcare provider if these symptoms occur.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Catapres-TTS-1 Work?
Catapres-TTS-1 works by activating alpha-2 adrenergic receptors in the brain, which reduces the release of certain neurotransmitters involved in regulating blood pressure. This decreases sympathetic nervous system activity, causing:
- Vasodilation: Relaxation of blood vessels, reducing resistance and lowering blood pressure.
- Decreased Heart Rate: By lowering sympathetic stimulation, clonidine reduces the heart rate, which helps control blood pressure.
What is Catapres-TTS-1 Used For?
Hypertension (High Blood Pressure): Used to lower blood pressure, either as a monotherapy or in combination with other antihypertensive medications.
Common Dosages
Catapres-TTS-1 is available by prescription only and is not classified as a controlled substance. It comes as a transdermal patch available in different doses:
- Catapres-TTS-1: Delivers 0.1 mg of clonidine per day.
- Catapres-TTS-2: Delivers 0.2 mg of clonidine per day.
- Catapres-TTS-3: Delivers 0.3 mg of clonidine per day.
Administration: The patch is applied to a clean, dry, hairless area of the skin, usually on the upper arm or chest. Each patch is worn for 7 days and should be replaced with a new patch at the same time each week. The site of the application should be rotated to avoid skin irritation.
Frequency: One patch is worn continuously for 7 days.
Duration of Use: Catapres-TTS-1 is used long-term for the management of hypertension. Blood pressure should be monitored regularly.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
The dosage of Catapres-TTS-1 depends on the severity of hypertension and the patient’s response to treatment:
- Catapres-TTS-1 patch delivers 0.1 mg of clonidine per day and is applied once every 7 days.
- Catapres-TTS-2 patch delivers 0.2 mg of clonidine per day.
- Catapres-TTS-3 patch delivers 0.3 mg of clonidine per day.
Off-Label Uses
It's also been used to manage withdrawal symptoms from opioids, as part of a smoking cessation plan, and hot sweats
- The dose is decided by the healthcare provider based on individual conditions.
Who Shouldn't Take Catapres-TTS-1?
Catapres-TTS-1 is contraindicated in patients with:
- Hypersensitivity to clonidine or any component of the patch.
- Severe bradycardia (slow heart rate) or conditions where a further reduction in heart rate could be dangerous.
Advice From The Pharmacist
Patients using Catapres-TTS-1 should be advised to:
- Apply the patch to a new skin site with each application to avoid skin irritation.
- Make sure the patch is securely attached and replace it every 7 days as directed.
- Avoid abruptly discontinuing the patch, as this can cause a dangerous rebound increase in blood pressure (hypertensive crisis). Tapering the dose under medical supervision is necessary when stopping treatment.
- Be cautious of side effects like dizziness or drowsiness, especially when starting the medication, as clonidine can lower blood pressure too much or cause sedation.
- Avoid alcohol or sedative medications, as these can increase the sedative effects of clonidine.
Side Effects of Catapres-TTS-1
Common Side Effects
- Drowsiness or fatigue
- Dry mouth
- Dizziness or lightheadedness, especially when standing up (orthostatic hypotension)
- Skin irritation or redness at the application site
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Severe Bradycardia (Slow Heart Rate): Symptoms include dizziness, fainting, or fatigue.
- Rebound Hypertension: If the patch is discontinued abruptly, blood pressure may rise significantly.
- Allergic Reactions: Symptoms include rash, itching, swelling, or difficulty breathing.
Risks and Warnings of Catapres-TTS-1
Rebound Hypertension: Abrupt discontinuation of clonidine can lead to a rapid and dangerous increase in blood pressure. If Catapres-TTS-1 needs to be stopped, it should be tapered gradually under medical supervision.
Sedation and Drowsiness: Clonidine can cause drowsiness, especially when initiating therapy or increasing the dose. Patients should avoid activities that require full alertness, such as driving until they know how the medication affects them.
Hypotension and Bradycardia: Clonidine can cause a significant drop in blood pressure and heart rate. Patients should be monitored for signs of hypotension (low blood pressure) and bradycardia (slow heart rate), especially when starting therapy or adjusting doses.
Interactions with Catapres-TTS-1
Common Drug Interactions
Catapres-TTS-1 may interact with other medications, including:
- Other Antihypertensive Agents: Combining clonidine with other medications that lower blood pressure, such as beta-blockers or diuretics, can increase the risk of hypotension and bradycardia.
- Sedatives and Alcohol: These substances can increase the sedative effects of clonidine, causing excessive drowsiness.
- Tricyclic Antidepressants: These medications may reduce the effectiveness of clonidine by counteracting its blood pressure-lowering effects.
Patients should inform their healthcare provider of all medications and supplements they are taking to avoid potential interactions.
Alternatives to Catapres-TTS-1
Alternative treatments for hypertension include:
- Other Alpha-2 Adrenergic Agonists: Such as guanfacine, which has similar effects to clonidine.
- Beta-blockers: Such as metoprolol or atenolol, lower blood pressure by reducing heart rate.
- Calcium Channel Blockers: Such as amlodipine or verapamil, which relaxes blood vessels and reduces blood pressure.
- Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors: Such as lisinopril, are used for blood pressure control.
- Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs): Such as losartan or valsartan.
