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Carnitor
Carnitor (levocarnitine) is a nutritional supplement used to treat carnitine deficiency, a condition where the body lacks enough carnitine to convert fats into energy. Carnitine is essential for transporting fatty acids into the mitochondria of cells, where they are metabolized to produce energy. Carnitor is prescribed for individuals with primary or secondary carnitine deficiency due to genetic disorders, kidney disease, or other conditions. It is also commonly used in patients on dialysis to prevent and treat carnitine deficiency.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for Carnitor to work?
Carnitor starts working within days to weeks, depending on the severity of the deficiency and the patient's condition. In cases of severe carnitine deficiency, patients may notice an improvement in energy levels and muscle strength within a short time.
Can Carnitor be taken with food?
Yes, Carnitor can be taken with or without food. If gastrointestinal side effects occur, taking it with meals may help reduce nausea or diarrhea.
What should I do if I miss a dose?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it’s close to the time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and take the next one at the regular time. Do not double the dose to make up for the missed one.
Is Carnitor safe during pregnancy?
Carnitor is considered safe for use during pregnancy, but you should consult your healthcare provider before starting or continuing levocarnitine supplementation during pregnancy or breastfeeding.
How should Carnitor be stored?
Carnitor should be stored at room temperature, away from moisture and heat. The oral solution should be kept in a tightly closed container. Injectable Carnitor should be stored according to your healthcare provider's instructions.
Does Carnitor cause weight gain?
Carnitor itself does not cause weight gain. It is primarily used to improve energy metabolism in patients with carnitine deficiency. If you experience unexplained weight changes, consult your healthcare provider.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Carnitor Work?
Carnitor works by replenishing L-carnitine in the body. L-carnitine helps transport long-chain fatty acids into the mitochondria, where they are broken down to produce energy. This process is critical for the functioning of muscles, the heart, and other organs that require high energy output. In patients with carnitine deficiency, Carnitor restores normal fat metabolism and helps improve energy levels and muscle function.
What is Carnitor Used For?
Primary Carnitine Deficiency: A rare genetic disorder affecting carnitine production and transport.
Secondary Carnitine Deficiency: Associated with conditions such as chronic kidney disease (CKD), dialysis, or metabolic disorders.
Carnitine Deficiency in Hemodialysis Patients: To prevent and treat low carnitine levels in patients undergoing dialysis.
Common Dosages
Carnitor is available by prescription only and is not classified as a controlled substance. It is available in the following forms:
- Tablets (330 mg)
- Oral solution (1 gram per 10 mL)
- Injection (for intravenous use)
Administration: Carnitor is taken orally with or without food. The oral solution can be mixed with water or juice to improve taste. Injectable levocarnitine is administered in a hospital or clinical setting.
Frequency: Doses are typically divided throughout the day (two to three times daily) to maintain stable carnitine levels.
Duration of Use: Carnitor is used long-term in patients with chronic conditions, and regular monitoring of carnitine levels may be required.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
Dosages of Carnitor vary based on the patient's condition and severity of deficiency. Typical dosages include:
- Tablets: 990 mg (three 330 mg tablets) two to three times daily.
- Oral Solution: 1 to 3 grams (10 to 30 mL) daily, divided into multiple doses.
- Injection: 50 to 100 mg/kg of body weight, administered intravenously as prescribed by a healthcare provider.
Dosages may be adjusted based on patient response and laboratory results.
Who Shouldn't Take Carnitor?
Carnitor is contraindicated in patients with:
- Hypersensitivity to levocarnitine or any of its components.
Advice From The Pharmacist
Patients taking Carnitor should be advised to:
- Measure doses carefully, especially when using the oral solution, to ensure they receive the prescribed amount.
- Take Carnitor consistently as directed by their healthcare provider to maintain adequate carnitine levels.
- Mix the oral solution with water or juice if the taste is unpleasant, but avoid mixing it with dairy products.
- Report any signs of side effects, such as severe gastrointestinal issues or muscle weakness, to their healthcare provider.
- Inform their healthcare provider of all medications, supplements, and conditions, as levocarnitine can interact with other treatments.
Side Effects of Carnitor
Common Side Effects
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Abdominal cramps
- Fishy body odor (due to metabolic byproducts of levocarnitine)
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Muscle weakness: Especially in patients with pre-existing muscle conditions.
- Severe allergic reactions: Such as rash, swelling, or difficulty breathing.
Risks and Warnings of Carnitor
- Gastrointestinal Effects: Carnitor may cause nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, particularly at higher doses. These symptoms can often be reduced by lowering the dose or taking Carnitor with meals.
- Muscle Weakness: In some patients with pre-existing neuromuscular conditions, carnitine supplementation may exacerbate muscle weakness. Consult a healthcare provider if muscle symptoms worsen.
- Allergic Reactions: Although rare, allergic reactions to levocarnitine may occur. If you experience symptoms like swelling, rash, or difficulty breathing, seek medical attention immediately.
Interactions with Carnitor
Common Drug Interactions
Carnitor may interact with other medications or supplements, including:
- Anticoagulants (e.g., warfarin): Levocarnitine may affect blood clotting and increase the risk of bleeding in patients taking anticoagulants.
- Thyroid Medications: Levocarnitine may interfere with the activity of thyroid hormones, particularly in patients with hypothyroidism.
- Valproic Acid: Valproic acid, an anticonvulsant, may cause secondary carnitine deficiency, and patients on this medication may require carnitine supplementation.
Patients should inform their healthcare provider of all medications and supplements they are taking to avoid potential interactions.
Alternatives to Carnitor
Alternative treatments for carnitine deficiency include:
- Levocarnitine Injection: For patients who cannot take oral forms or require urgent treatment.
- Other Carnitine Supplements: Some patients may prefer different forms of carnitine, such as acetyl-L-carnitine, depending on the condition being treated.
