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Alcaine
Alcaine (generic name: proparacaine hydrochloride) is a topical ophthalmic anesthetic used to numb the eye temporarily for short procedures or diagnostic tests. It is commonly used before procedures like tonometry, gonioscopy, removal of foreign bodies from the eye, or corneal scraping. Alcaine works by blocking the nerve signals in the eye, preventing the sensation of pain during these procedures.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does Alcaine last?
The numbing effect of Alcaine typically lasts for 15 to 30 minutes, depending on the procedure and the patient’s response.
Can I use Alcaine at home?
No, Alcaine is intended for use only in a clinical setting under the supervision of a healthcare professional. Self-administration is not recommended due to the risk of corneal damage.
What should I do if my eye feels irritated after using Alcaine?
Mild irritation is common after using Alcaine, but if you experience severe pain, vision changes, or prolonged irritation, contact your healthcare provider immediately.
Can Alcaine cause long-term eye damage?
Yes, prolonged or excessive use of Alcaine can lead to serious corneal damage, including ulcers or delayed healing, which may result in permanent eye damage if not treated.
What should I avoid after using Alcaine?
After using Alcaine, avoid touching or rubbing your eyes until the numbing effect wears off, as you may not feel injury or irritation.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Alcaine Work?
Alcaine works by blocking sodium channels in nerve cells, preventing the initiation and transmission of nerve impulses responsible for the sensation of pain. When applied to the eye, it causes localized anesthesia by temporarily numbing the corneal and conjunctival surfaces, allowing procedures to be performed without discomfort.
Common Dosages
- Eye drops: 0.5% proparacaine hydrochloride solution
Typical Dosing
- For most procedures, 1-2 drops of Alcaine are applied to the eye before the procedure. Additional drops may be administered if necessary, but repeated or prolonged use should be avoided due to the risk of corneal damage.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Local anesthesia of the eye for procedures such as tonometry, gonioscopy, foreign body removal, and corneal scraping.
Who Shouldn't Take Alcaine?
- Hypersensitivity to proparacaine or other similar local anesthetics (such as tetracaine).
- Prolonged or repeated use, as it can cause serious damage to the cornea, including permanent eye damage or delayed healing.
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Alcaine is for medical use only and should not be used for self-administration or at home. It must be administered by a healthcare professional.
- After using Alcaine, the eye may be numb for 15-30 minutes, during which time the patient should avoid rubbing their eyes, as they may not feel injury or irritation.
- Patients should avoid wearing contact lenses until the numbing effect has completely worn off.
Side Effects of Alcaine
Common Side Effects
- Temporary burning or stinging upon application
- Redness of the eye
- Tearing
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Corneal damage with prolonged use
- Allergic reactions (such as swelling or difficulty breathing)
Risks and Warnings of Alcaine
- Corneal Toxicity: Repeated or excessive use of Alcaine can lead to corneal damage, including thinning, ulceration, and delayed healing. It should not be used for long-term pain management.
- Hypersensitivity Reactions: Some patients may experience allergic reactions. Discontinue use immediately if symptoms like swelling, rash, or breathing difficulties occur.
Interactions with Alcaine
Common Drug Interactions
- No significant drug interactions have been reported with Alcaine. However, patients should inform their healthcare provider of any medications or eye treatments they are using to avoid potential interactions.
Alternatives to Alcaine
- Tetracaine (Pontocaine): Another topical ophthalmic anesthetic used for short procedures.
- Lidocaine (Akten): A different type of local anesthetic used in ophthalmic procedures.
- Proxymetacaine: An alternative anesthetic eye drop with similar effects to proparacaine.
