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Triumeq PD
Triumeq PD is a combination antiretroviral medication used to treat HIV-1 infection in pediatric patients weighing at least 10 kg and adults who cannot swallow the standard Triumeq tablets. It contains the same three active ingredients as Triumeq: abacavir, dolutegravir, and lamivudine, but in a dispersible tablet form that can be mixed with water for easier administration in younger patients or individuals with swallowing difficulties. Triumeq PD helps to reduce the viral load of HIV in the body, thereby preventing the virus from progressing to AIDS.
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Frequently Asked Questions
Can Triumeq PD be taken with food?
Yes, Triumeq PD can be taken with or without food. However, if antacids or supplements with magnesium or aluminum are needed, take them at least 2 hours before or 6 hours after taking Triumeq PD.
What should I do if I miss a dose?
If you miss a dose of Triumeq PD, take it as soon as you remember unless it is close to the time for your next dose. Do not take two doses at once to make up for a missed dose.
How should Triumeq PD tablets be administered?
The tablets must be dispersed in a small amount of water (at least 20 mL) and taken immediately. They should not be swallowed whole or chewed.
Is Triumeq PD safe for children?
Yes, Triumeq PD is specifically designed for pediatric patients weighing at least 10 kg who require HIV treatment and cannot swallow solid tablets.
Can Triumeq PD be used in patients with liver disease?
Triumeq PD should not be used in patients with moderate to severe liver disease. Regular liver function monitoring is important in all patients taking the medication.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Triumeq PD Work?
- Dolutegravir: An integrase inhibitor that blocks the enzyme HIV integrase, which the virus uses to insert its genetic material into human DNA.
- Abacavir and Lamivudine: Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) that block the action of reverse transcriptase, an enzyme HIV uses to replicate itself.
Common Dosages
- Abacavir 60 mg
- Dolutegravir 5 mg
- Lamivudine 30 mg
- Dosages are based on body weight, with tablets dispersed in water before administration.
Typical Dosing
- The recommended dose of Triumeq PD depends on the patient’s weight. Tablets should be dispersed in water before administration.
- 10-14 kg: 4 tablets once daily.
- 15-20 kg: 5 tablets once daily.
- 21-24 kg: 6 tablets once daily.
- 25-30 kg: 7 tablets once daily.
- 31-40 kg: 8 tablets once daily.
- Patients should be screened for the HLA-B*5701 allele before starting therapy due to the risk of hypersensitivity reactions with abacavir.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- HIV-1 infection in pediatric patients weighing at least 10 kg and adults who cannot take solid tablets.
Who Shouldn't Take Triumeq PD?
- HLA-B*5701 positive status, due to the risk of severe hypersensitivity reactions to abacavir.
- A history of hypersensitivity to abacavir, dolutegravir, or lamivudine.
- Moderate to severe liver disease.
- Concurrent use of the drug dofetilide, as it can cause dangerous interactions.
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Administer Triumeq PD exactly as prescribed, based on the patient’s weight.
- The tablets must be dispersed in a small amount of water before administration. Do not swallow the tablets whole.
- It is important to take the medication at the same time every day to maintain consistent drug levels.
- Regular monitoring through blood tests is required to track the patient’s HIV viral load and liver function.
- If symptoms of a hypersensitivity reaction occur (such as rash, fever, or breathing difficulties), discontinue use immediately and seek emergency medical attention.
Side Effects of Triumeq PD
Common Side Effects
- Headache
- Nausea
- Diarrhea
- Fatigue
- Insomnia
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Hypersensitivity reactions (fever, rash, respiratory symptoms)
- Liver problems, including liver failure, particularly in patients co-infected with hepatitis B or C.
- Lactic acidosis and severe liver enlargement (more common in women and overweight patients).
Risks and Warnings of Triumeq PD
- Hypersensitivity Reaction: Before starting Triumeq PD, patients should be tested for the HLA-B*5701 allele. If a hypersensitivity reaction occurs, the medication must be discontinued and never restarted.
- Liver Toxicity: The medication can cause liver problems, especially in patients with hepatitis B or C. Regular liver function tests are recommended.
- Lactic Acidosis: NRTIs (abacavir and lamivudine) can cause lactic acidosis, a potentially life-threatening condition. Symptoms include nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain.
- Immune Reconstitution Syndrome: This condition may occur when starting antiretroviral therapy, where the recovering immune system reacts to hidden infections with an inflammatory response.
Interactions with Triumeq PD
Common Drug Interactions
- Dofetilide: Contraindicated due to the risk of severe heart rhythm issues.
- Antacids: Products containing magnesium or aluminum can interfere with the absorption of dolutegravir. Take Triumeq PD 2 hours before or 6 hours after these products.
- Rifampin: May reduce the levels of dolutegravir, potentially requiring dose adjustments.
Alternatives to Triumeq PD
- Biktarvy: A single-tablet regimen containing bictegravir, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide for the treatment of HIV.
- Genvoya: Combines elvitegravir, cobicistat, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide for the treatment of HIV-1.
- Symfi Lo: A combination of efavirenz, lamivudine, and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate used to treat HIV-1 infection.
