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Symax-SR
Symax-SR (generic name: hyoscyamine sulfate) is an extended-release anticholinergic medication used to treat a variety of conditions involving gastrointestinal and urinary tract spasms. It is particularly effective in managing symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), peptic ulcers, and bladder spasms. Hyoscyamine works by reducing the activity of the digestive and urinary systems, relieving cramping, pain, and other discomforts caused by muscle spasms in these areas.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How quickly does Symax-SR start working?
Symax-SR starts working within 30 to 60 minutes after taking a dose, and its effects last for several hours due to the extended-release formulation.
Can I take Symax-SR with food?
It is recommended to take Symax-SR on an empty stomach, as food can delay absorption. Follow your healthcare provider’s instructions regarding food intake.
What should I do if I miss a dose?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is close to the time of your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double up on doses to make up for a missed one.
Can Symax-SR be used long-term?
Symax-SR can be used long-term for chronic conditions like IBS or bladder spasms, but long-term use should be monitored by a healthcare provider to ensure its continued effectiveness and safety.
Can I drive while taking Symax-SR?
Symax-SR may cause drowsiness or blurred vision in some individuals. Avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until you know how the medication affects you.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Symax-SR Work?
Hyoscyamine sulfate works by blocking acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter involved in stimulating muscle contractions in the gastrointestinal and urinary tracts. By inhibiting acetylcholine, Symax-SR helps to relax smooth muscles, reduce spasms, and decrease the production of stomach acid.
Common Dosages
- 0.375 mg extended-release tablets
Typical Dosing
- The typical dose for adults is 0.375 mg taken once or twice daily depending on the severity of the condition. Because it is an extended-release formulation, it is designed to provide longer-lasting relief with fewer doses throughout the day.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS): Relieves cramping, pain, and spasms.
- Peptic ulcers: Reduces stomach acid and helps heal ulcers.
- Bladder spasms: Reduces urinary frequency and urgency.
- Colitis: Relieves symptoms of inflammation in the colon.
Who Shouldn't Take Symax-SR?
- Glaucoma (especially narrow-angle glaucoma)
- Myasthenia gravis
- Severe ulcerative colitis
- Obstructive uropathy (e.g., bladder obstruction)
- Obstructive gastrointestinal conditions
- Known hypersensitivity to hyoscyamine or other anticholinergics
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Swallow Symax-SR tablets whole; do not crush or chew them, as this could release the medication too quickly and increase the risk of side effects.
- Take Symax-SR on an empty stomach or as directed by your healthcare provider. Food may delay the absorption of the medication.
- Avoid alcohol, as it may enhance the drowsiness or dizziness caused by Symax-SR.
- Stay hydrated, as Symax-SR can cause dry mouth and decrease sweating, increasing the risk of overheating, especially in hot weather or during exercise.
Side Effects of Symax-SR
Common Side Effects
- Dry mouth
- Blurred vision
- Drowsiness
- Dizziness
- Constipation
- Difficulty urinating
- Increased heart rate (tachycardia)
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Severe allergic reactions, such as rash, swelling, or difficulty breathing.
- Severe constipation or intestinal obstruction.
- Confusion, especially in elderly patients.
- Severe dizziness or fainting due to decreased blood pressure.
Risks and Warnings of Symax-SR
- Heat Stroke Risk: Symax-SR reduces sweating, increasing the risk of heat stroke, particularly during hot weather or exercise. Patients should avoid excessive heat and stay hydrated.
- Glaucoma: Symax-SR can increase intraocular pressure, which can worsen narrow-angle glaucoma. It is contraindicated in patients with this condition.
- Elderly Patients: Elderly individuals are more prone to side effects, such as confusion, dizziness, and constipation. Careful monitoring is recommended in this population.
- Urinary Retention: Hyoscyamine can cause or worsen urinary retention, particularly in patients with bladder obstructions or prostate issues.
Interactions with Symax-SR
Common Drug Interactions
- CNS depressants: Combining Symax-SR with other medications that depress the central nervous system (e.g., opioids, benzodiazepines, or alcohol) may increase drowsiness and dizziness.
- Anticholinergic drugs: Using Symax-SR with other anticholinergic medications (e.g., benztropine, scopolamine) can intensify side effects like dry mouth, blurred vision, and difficulty urinating.
- Antacids: Taking antacids containing magnesium or aluminum may reduce the effectiveness of Symax-SR. It is best to take the antacid at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after taking Symax-SR.
Alternatives to Symax-SR
- Dicyclomine (Bentyl): Another anticholinergic used for treating IBS and other gastrointestinal spasms.
- Oxybutynin (Ditropan): An anticholinergic medication commonly used for bladder spasms and overactive bladder.
- Scopolamine: Used to treat motion sickness and gastrointestinal spasms.
- Lomotil (Diphenoxylate/Atropine): Used for diarrhea by slowing gut movement.
