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Sulfatrim Pediatric
Sulfatrim Pediatric is a combination of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim, two antibiotics used to treat a variety of bacterial infections. It is commonly prescribed to children for infections such as urinary tract infections (UTIs), otitis media (ear infections), bronchitis, pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP), and other bacterial infections. Sulfamethoxazole inhibits bacterial growth by interfering with folic acid synthesis, while trimethoprim enhances its effectiveness by inhibiting another step in the folic acid pathway, providing a synergistic antibacterial effect.
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Frequently Asked Questions
Can Sulfatrim Pediatric be used for ear infections in children?
Yes, Sulfatrim Pediatric is commonly prescribed for acute otitis media (middle ear infections) in children, especially when other antibiotics are not effective or cannot be used.
How long does it take for Sulfatrim Pediatric to start working?
You may begin to see improvement in symptoms within 2 to 3 days, but it's important to complete the full course of the medication to ensure the infection is fully treated.
Can Sulfatrim Pediatric be given with food?
Yes, it can be given with or without food, but taking it with food may help reduce stomach upset.
What should I do if my child misses a dose?
If a dose is missed, give it as soon as you remember. If it is close to the time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and return to the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Can Sulfatrim Pediatric cause allergic reactions?
Yes, some children may develop an allergic reaction to sulfonamides or trimethoprim. If your child develops a rash, difficulty breathing, or swelling, stop the medication and seek medical attention immediately.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Sulfatrim Pediatric Work?
Sulfatrim Pediatric works by blocking two consecutive steps in the bacterial synthesis of folic acid, which is essential for bacterial growth. Sulfamethoxazole inhibits dihydropteroate synthetase, and trimethoprim inhibits dihydrofolate reductase, leading to the inhibition of bacterial DNA synthesis, growth, and replication.
Common Dosages
- Oral Suspension: 200 mg/40 mg per 5 mL (sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim).
- Dosing for children is typically based on weight and the specific infection being treated.
Typical Dosing
- For UTIs or ear infections: The typical dose is based on the child’s weight, usually given every 12 hours for 10 to 14 days.
- For Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP): Dosing varies, but is usually given every 6 to 8 hours depending on the severity and patient weight.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Urinary tract infections (UTIs)
- Acute otitis media (middle ear infections)
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP)
- Traveler’s diarrhea
- Shigellosis
- Chronic bronchitis exacerbations
Who Shouldn't Take Sulfatrim Pediatric?
- Known hypersensitivity to sulfonamides or trimethoprim.
- Severe liver or kidney disease.
- Infants less than 2 months old due to the risk of severe side effects such as kernicterus.
- Megaloblastic anemia due to folate deficiency.
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Shake well before use: The suspension must be shaken well to ensure even distribution of the medication.
- Take with a full glass of water to help prevent crystal formation in the urine.
- Avoid sun exposure: Sulfatrim Pediatric can make the skin more sensitive to sunlight, increasing the risk of sunburn.
- Complete the full course of antibiotics, even if symptoms improve, to prevent antibiotic resistance.
Side Effects of Sulfatrim Pediatric
Common Side Effects
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Loss of appetite
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Severe skin reactions (such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome)
- Blood disorders (anemia, low white blood cells)
- Liver or kidney damage
- Severe allergic reactions
Risks and Warnings of Sulfatrim Pediatric
- Hypersensitivity Reactions: Sulfonamides are known to cause severe allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Discontinue use immediately if any signs of rash or allergic reaction occur.
- Liver and Kidney Toxicity: Patients with impaired liver or kidney function should use this medication with caution and may require dose adjustments.
- Blood Disorders: Sulfatrim can cause megaloblastic anemia or leukopenia in individuals with folate deficiency.
Interactions with Sulfatrim Pediatric
Common Drug Interactions
- Warfarin: Sulfamethoxazole can increase the effects of warfarin, increasing the risk of bleeding.
- Methotrexate: Concurrent use with methotrexate can increase the risk of bone marrow suppression.
- Phenytoin: Trimethoprim may increase the effects of phenytoin, leading to increased toxicity.
- ACE inhibitors or diuretics: Increased risk of hyperkalemia (elevated potassium levels).
Alternatives to Sulfatrim Pediatric
- Amoxicillin-Clavulanate: A commonly prescribed antibiotic for ear infections and respiratory infections.
- Cephalexin: Another antibiotic commonly used for UTIs and skin infections.
- Azithromycin: Used for respiratory infections in patients allergic to sulfonamides.
