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Qtern
Qtern (dapagliflozin and saxagliptin) is a combination medication used to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This dual-action formulation combines a sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor (dapagliflozin) and a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor (saxagliptin). Qtern helps to lower blood sugar levels by increasing glucose excretion through urine and enhancing insulin secretion in response to meals.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How quickly does Qtern start to work?
Patients may start to see improvements in blood glucose levels within a week, but optimal effects may take several weeks.
Can I stop taking Qtern suddenly?
It is advisable to consult your healthcare provider before stopping Qtern to prevent any negative effects on blood sugar control.
Are there any specific dietary restrictions while taking Qtern?
There are no specific dietary restrictions, but patients should follow a healthy eating plan as recommended by their healthcare provider.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Qtern?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember on the same day. If it's close to the time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not take two doses at once.
Is Qtern safe for long-term use?
Qtern is intended for long-term use under medical supervision. Regular monitoring of blood sugar levels and kidney function is essential to ensure ongoing safety and effectiveness.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Qtern Work?
- Dapagliflozin: Works by inhibiting SGLT2 in the proximal renal tubules, leading to increased urinary glucose excretion, which reduces blood glucose levels and helps with weight loss.
- Saxagliptin: Inhibits DPP-4, an enzyme that deactivates incretin hormones, which results in increased insulin release and decreased glucagon levels, thereby lowering blood sugar levels after meals.
Common Dosages
- blets: Available in strengths such as 5 mg/2.5 mg (dapagliflozin/saxagliptin).
Typical Dosing
- The usual recommended dose is 1 tablet taken once daily, with or without food. The dosage may be adjusted based on individual patient response and tolerability.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Improvement of glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes as an adjunct to diet and exercise.
Who Shouldn't Take Qtern?
- Known hypersensitivity to dapagliflozin, saxagliptin, or any components of the formulation.
- A history of serious hypersensitivity reactions, such as angioedema.
- Severe renal impairment or end-stage renal disease.
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Advise patients to take Qtern as prescribed, and to continue following a balanced diet and exercise regimen to achieve optimal glycemic control.
- Monitor blood glucose levels regularly to assess the effectiveness of the treatment.
- Inform patients about the signs and symptoms of potential side effects, including low blood sugar, urinary tract infections, and dehydration.
Side Effects of Qtern
Common Side Effects
- Upper respiratory tract infections
- Headache
- Nasopharyngitis (inflammation of the nose and throat)
- Hypoglycemia (especially when used with other antidiabetic medications)
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Pancreatitis
- Kidney problems
- Serious urinary tract infections
- Allergic reactions (such as rash or swelling)
Risks and Warnings of Qtern
- Hypoglycemia: Patients should be informed about the risk of low blood sugar, especially if they are taking other antidiabetic medications that can cause hypoglycemia.
- Renal Function: Regular monitoring of renal function is recommended, as both components of Qtern may impact kidney health.
Interactions with Qtern
Common Drug Interactions
- Other Antidiabetic Agents: Increased risk of hypoglycemia when used in conjunction with insulin or sulfonylureas.
- Diuretics: May increase the risk of dehydration and hypotension due to the osmotic diuresis effect of dapagliflozin.
Alternatives to Qtern
- Other Antidiabetic Medications: Such as metformin, GLP-1 receptor agonists, or insulin, may be considered based on the patient's individual needs and health status.
- Lifestyle Modifications: Dietary changes and exercise programs are essential components of diabetes management and can be used in conjunction with pharmacotherapy.