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Promethazine-Codeine
Promethazine-Codeine is a combination medication that includes promethazine, an antihistamine, and codeine, an opioid cough suppressant. This medication is primarily used to relieve symptoms of cough and upper respiratory allergies, such as sneezing and runny nose. The combination helps to provide effective relief from cough due to colds or allergies while reducing associated discomfort.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How quickly does Promethazine-Codeine start to work?
Patients may begin to notice relief from cough and allergy symptoms within 30 minutes to an hour after taking the medication.
Can I stop taking Promethazine-Codeine suddenly?
If you have been taking it for a long time, consult your healthcare provider before stopping, as sudden discontinuation may lead to withdrawal symptoms.
Are there any specific dietary restrictions while using Promethazine-Codeine?
There are no specific dietary restrictions, but patients should avoid alcohol while taking this medication due to the risk of increased sedation.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Promethazine-Codeine?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it’s close to the time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not double up on doses.
Is Promethazine-Codeine safe for long-term use?
Promethazine-Codeine is generally intended for short-term use. Long-term use should be monitored by a healthcare provider due to the risk of dependency and other potential side effects. Regular follow-up appointments are important to assess ongoing need and safety.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Promethazine-Codeine Work?
- Promethazine works by blocking histamine H1 receptors, which helps to alleviate allergy symptoms and has sedative properties. It also reduces nausea and vomiting.
- Codeine acts on the brain to suppress the cough reflex by binding to opioid receptors. This action decreases the urge to cough, providing symptomatic relief.
Common Dosages
- Syrup: Common strengths include 6.25 mg of promethazine and 10 mg of codeine per 5 mL.
Typical Dosing
- The usual recommended dose for adults is 1 to 2 teaspoons (5-10 mL) every 4 to 6 hours as needed, not to exceed 30 mL in 24 hours. Dosage may vary for pediatric patients based on age and weight.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Temporary relief of cough due to minor throat and bronchial irritation from colds or allergies.
- Relief of allergy symptoms, such as runny nose and sneezing.
Who Shouldn't Take Promethazine-Codeine?
- Known hypersensitivity to promethazine, codeine, or any components of the formulation.
- Respiratory depression, severe asthma, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
- Children under 6 years of age, due to the risk of respiratory complications.
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Instruct patients to take Promethazine-Codeine exactly as prescribed and to avoid exceeding the recommended dose to prevent serious side effects.
- Advise patients about the sedative effects of promethazine and to avoid activities requiring full alertness, such as driving or operating machinery, until they know how the medication affects them.
- Discuss the importance of reporting any signs of respiratory depression, such as difficulty breathing or unusual sleepiness, to a healthcare provider immediately.
Side Effects of Promethazine-Codeine
Common Side Effects
- Drowsiness
- Dizziness
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Constipation
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Respiratory depression
- Severe allergic reactions (such as rash, itching, or difficulty breathing)
- Dependency or withdrawal symptoms due to codeine.
Risks and Warnings of Promethazine-Codeine
- Respiratory Depression: Caution is warranted when prescribing Promethazine-Codeine, especially in patients with a history of respiratory issues or those taking other medications that can depress the central nervous system.
- Addiction Potential: Due to the presence of codeine, there is a risk of addiction, misuse, and dependence. Patients should be monitored for signs of misuse.
Interactions with Promethazine-Codeine
Common Drug Interactions
- CNS Depressants: Caution should be exercised when using Promethazine-Codeine with other central nervous system depressants (such as benzodiazepines, alcohol, or sedatives) due to the risk of increased sedation and respiratory depression.
- Other Antihistamines: Combining with other antihistamines may increase the risk of adverse effects such as sedation.
Alternatives to Promethazine-Codeine
- Other Cough Suppressants: Alternatives may include other over-the-counter cough suppressants (such as dextromethorphan) or prescription medications that do not contain codeine.
- Non-Opioid Analgesics: For pain relief associated with cough, consider alternatives such as acetaminophen or NSAIDs.
