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Pentoxifylline ER
Pentoxifylline ER (extended release) is a hemorrheologic agent used to improve blood flow in patients with conditions such as intermittent claudication, which is associated with peripheral artery disease. It helps to decrease blood viscosity and improve red blood cell flexibility, thereby enhancing circulation and reducing symptoms of poor blood flow.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take to see results with pentoxifylline ER?
Patients may start to notice improvements in symptoms within a few weeks of starting treatment, but optimal results may take longer.
Can I take pentoxifylline ER with food?
Yes, taking it with food can help enhance absorption and reduce gastrointestinal side effects.
What should I do if I miss a dose?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is close to your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not double up.
Is pentoxifylline ER safe during pregnancy?
Consult your healthcare provider before using pentoxifylline ER during pregnancy to evaluate potential risks and benefits.
What are the signs of serious side effects to watch for?
Monitor for signs of severe bleeding, significant hypotension, or allergic reactions, and seek immediate medical attention if these occur.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Pentoxifylline ER Work?
Pentoxifylline works by inhibiting phosphodiesterase, which leads to increased levels of cyclic AMP (cAMP) in cells. This action results in:
- Decreased blood viscosity.
- Improved erythrocyte (red blood cell) flexibility.
- Enhanced microcirculation and tissue oxygenation.
These effects contribute to improved blood flow and reduced symptoms associated with vascular insufficiency.
Common Dosages
Pentoxifylline ER is typically available in the following form:
- Extended-release tablets: Common strengths include 400 mg.
Typical Dosing
- Adults: The usual recommended dosage is 400 mg taken orally three times a day with meals. Dosage adjustments may be made based on patient response and tolerability.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Treatment of intermittent claudication due to chronic occlusive arterial disease.
Who Shouldn't Take Pentoxifylline ER?
- Known hypersensitivity to pentoxifylline or any component of the formulation
- Recent history of bleeding (e.g., cerebral or retinal hemorrhage)
- Conditions where increased bleeding risk is a concern
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take pentoxifylline with food to enhance absorption and reduce gastrointestinal side effects.
- Consistent dosing is important; try to take it at the same times each day.
- Monitor for improvement in symptoms of claudication and report any worsening or new symptoms to your healthcare provider.
Side Effects of Pentoxifylline ER
Common Side Effects
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Dizziness
- Headache
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Severe hypotension
- Hemorrhage or bleeding complications
- Allergic reactions (rash, itching, swelling)
Risks and Warnings of Pentoxifylline ER
- Bleeding Risk: Use with caution in patients who have bleeding disorders or are taking anticoagulants, as it may increase the risk of bleeding.
- Cardiovascular Effects: Monitor blood pressure, especially in patients with existing cardiovascular conditions.
Interactions with Pentoxifylline ER
Common Drug Interactions
- Anticoagulants and Antiplatelet Agents: Caution is advised when used concurrently, as pentoxifylline may enhance their effects.
- Other Medications: Inform your healthcare provider about all medications you are taking to avoid potential interactions.
Alternatives to Pentoxifylline ER
- Other Vasodilators: Such as cilostazol for managing symptoms of intermittent claudication.
- Lifestyle Modifications: Including smoking cessation, exercise programs, and dietary changes to improve circulation.
