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Onglyza
Onglyza (saxagliptin) is an oral antidiabetic medication used to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. It belongs to the class of drugs known as DPP-4 inhibitors, which help lower blood sugar levels by increasing incretin levels, leading to increased insulin secretion and decreased glucagon levels. Onglyza is typically used in conjunction with diet and exercise to enhance glycemic control.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for Onglyza to start working?
Many patients may see improvements in blood sugar control within a few weeks of starting Onglyza, but optimal results can take longer.
Can I take Onglyza with food?
Onglyza can be taken with or without food; however, taking it consistently at the same time each day can help maintain stable blood sugar levels.
What should I do if I miss a dose?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it’s almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not double up.
Is Onglyza safe during pregnancy?
Onglyza should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefits justify the potential risks. Consult your healthcare provider for guidance.
What are the signs of pancreatitis to watch for?
Be aware of severe abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. If you experience these symptoms, contact your healthcare provider immediately.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Onglyza Work?
Onglyza works by inhibiting the enzyme DPP-4, which breaks down incretin hormones. By preventing the degradation of these hormones, saxagliptin increases insulin secretion from the pancreas in response to meals and decreases the secretion of glucagon, leading to lower blood sugar levels. This mechanism helps regulate blood glucose levels effectively.
Common Dosages
- Tablets: 2.5 mg and 5 mg.
Typical Dosing
- Adults: The recommended dose is 5 mg taken orally once daily. For patients with moderate renal impairment, the dose may be reduced to 2.5 mg once daily.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Improving glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus, either alone or in combination with other antidiabetic medications.
Who Shouldn't Take Onglyza?
- Known hypersensitivity to saxagliptin or any component of the formulation
- A history of severe allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis or angioedema
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take Onglyza exactly as prescribed and do not exceed the recommended dose.
- Monitor blood sugar levels regularly to assess the effectiveness of the medication.
- Be aware of signs of pancreatitis, such as severe abdominal pain, and seek medical attention if these occur.
- Inform your healthcare provider about all other medications you are taking to avoid potential interactions.
Side Effects of Onglyza
Common Side Effects
- Upper respiratory tract infections
- Headache
- Nasopharyngitis (inflammation of the nasal passages and throat)
- Gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, diarrhea)
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Pancreatitis
- Severe allergic reactions (rash, itching, swelling)
- Heart failure (in patients with a history of heart issues)
Risks and Warnings of Onglyza
- Pancreatitis: There have been reports of pancreatitis in patients taking Onglyza; monitor for abdominal pain or other related symptoms.
- Heart Failure: Saxagliptin may increase the risk of heart failure in certain patients; monitor for signs such as shortness of breath or swelling in the legs.
- Renal Impairment: Caution is advised when using Onglyza in patients with renal impairment; dosage adjustments may be necessary.
Interactions with Onglyza
Common Drug Interactions
- Other Antidiabetic Medications: Onglyza can be used with metformin, sulfonylureas, or insulin; however, monitor for hypoglycemia.
- CYP3A4 Inhibitors/Inducers: Drugs that affect CYP3A4 enzyme activity may alter saxagliptin levels; consult your healthcare provider regarding potential interactions.
Alternatives to Onglyza
- Other DPP-4 Inhibitors: Such as sitagliptin or linagliptin for similar indications.
- GLP-1 Receptor Agonists: Such as liraglutide or exenatide for glycemic control.
- SGLT2 Inhibitors: Such as empagliflozin or canagliflozin for additional treatment options in type 2 diabetes.
