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Motofen
Motofen is a combination medication containing difenoxin and atropine used to treat diarrhea. Difenoxin is an opioid derivative that works by slowing down intestinal movement, which allows for better absorption of fluids and electrolytes, reducing the frequency of bowel movements. Atropine, an anticholinergic agent, is included to prevent misuse and abuse of the medication due to the potential for difenoxin to cause euphoria at higher doses. Motofen is typically used for the treatment of acute non-infectious diarrhea.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for Motofen to work?
Motofen typically begins to relieve diarrhea symptoms within 1-2 hours after the first dose.
Can I take Motofen for chronic diarrhea?
Motofen is generally used for acute diarrhea. If you have chronic diarrhea, consult your healthcare provider for an appropriate long-term treatment plan.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Motofen?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not double up on doses.
Can Motofen be taken with other medications for diarrhea?
It is generally not necessary to combine Motofen with other antidiarrheal medications. Always consult your healthcare provider before using multiple diarrhea treatments at the same time.
Is Motofen safe for children?
Motofen is not recommended for use in children under 12 years old due to the risk of serious side effects, including respiratory depression.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Motofen Work?
Motofen works by slowing the movement of the intestines through the action of difenoxin, which binds to opioid receptors in the gut, decreasing peristalsis (intestinal movement). This allows for more time for water and electrolytes to be absorbed, leading to firmer stools and reduced frequency of bowel movements. The addition of atropine helps to reduce the risk of misuse by causing unpleasant side effects if the medication is taken in high doses.
Common Dosages
- 1 mg difenoxin / 0.025 mg atropine per tablet
Typical Dosing
- The typical starting dose for acute diarrhea is two tablets initially, followed by one tablet after each loose stool. The maximum daily dose should not exceed 8 tablets per day.
- Once diarrhea is controlled, the dose can be reduced, but should not be stopped abruptly without consulting a healthcare provider.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Symptomatic treatment of acute non-infectious diarrhea in adults.
Who Shouldn't Take Motofen?
- Infectious diarrhea caused by bacteria, such as Clostridium difficile, or in cases where diarrhea is associated with a bacterial enterotoxin.
- Obstructive jaundice or severe liver disease.
- Known hypersensitivity to difenoxin, atropine, or any of the components of the formulation.
- Ulcerative colitis in active phases, due to the risk of toxic megacolon.
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take Motofen as directed by your healthcare provider. Do not exceed the prescribed dose, as high doses may lead to serious side effects, including those associated with the opioid component.
- Do not take Motofen for infectious diarrhea, as this could worsen the condition. It is intended only for the treatment of non-infectious diarrhea.
- Avoid alcohol and other sedative medications while taking Motofen, as they may increase the risk of dizziness or drowsiness.
- Drink plenty of fluids to avoid dehydration, which can occur with diarrhea. Oral rehydration solutions can help replenish lost electrolytes.
- Report any signs of abdominal pain, bloating, or worsening diarrhea to your healthcare provider, as these could be signs of a serious condition like toxic megacolon.
Side Effects of Motofen
Common Side Effects
- Dry mouth
- Drowsiness or dizziness
- Blurred vision
- Nausea
- Constipation
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Severe allergic reactions: Rash, itching, swelling, or difficulty breathing.
- Signs of overdose: Extreme drowsiness, confusion, shallow breathing, or difficulty waking up.
- Toxic megacolon: Severe bloating, abdominal pain, or fever, especially in individuals with ulcerative colitis.
Risks and Warnings of Motofen
- Risk of misuse or dependence: Motofen contains difenoxin, an opioid derivative, which has a potential for misuse and dependence. Atropine is included to deter abuse, but individuals with a history of substance abuse should use this medication with caution.
- Respiratory depression: High doses of difenoxin can cause respiratory depression, especially in those with compromised lung function or when combined with other central nervous system depressants.
- Toxic megacolon: In patients with inflammatory bowel disease, Motofen may increase the risk of toxic megacolon, a serious condition requiring immediate medical attention.
Interactions with Motofen
Common Drug Interactions
- Central nervous system depressants: Combining Motofen with alcohol, sedatives, or other opioid medications may increase the risk of drowsiness, dizziness, and respiratory depression.
- Anticholinergic drugs: Medications with anticholinergic effects (e.g., antihistamines, tricyclic antidepressants) may increase the risk of side effects like dry mouth, blurred vision, and constipation when taken with Motofen.
- Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs): The use of MAOIs with Motofen may increase the risk of serious side effects, including extreme drowsiness and confusion.
Alternatives to Motofen
- Loperamide (Imodium): An over-the-counter antidiarrheal medication used for the treatment of non-infectious diarrhea. Loperamide also slows gut motility and may be less likely to cause drowsiness.
- Diphenoxylate/atropine (Lomotil): A similar combination antidiarrheal that works in the same way as Motofen, but with diphenoxylate instead of difenoxin.
- Bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol): An over-the-counter option for treating mild cases of diarrhea. It also has some antibacterial properties for mild gastrointestinal infections.
