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metFORMIN HCl ER (OSM)
Metformin HCl ER (extended-release) is an oral medication used to manage type 2 diabetes. It belongs to the class of drugs known as biguanides and helps to control blood sugar levels by improving insulin sensitivity and decreasing hepatic glucose production. The extended-release formulation allows for once-daily dosing, enhancing patient compliance.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How quickly does metformin HCl ER work?
Patients may begin to see improvements in blood sugar control within a few days to weeks of starting treatment.
Can I take metformin HCl ER with food?
Yes, it is recommended to take metformin with food to minimize gastrointestinal side effects.
What should I do if I miss a dose?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it’s close to the time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not double up doses.
Are there any dietary restrictions while using metformin HCl ER?
There are no specific dietary restrictions, but a balanced diet and monitoring carbohydrate intake are advisable.
Is metformin HCl ER safe during pregnancy or breastfeeding?
Consult your healthcare provider if you are pregnant or breastfeeding to discuss the risks and benefits of using metformin.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does metFORMIN HCl ER (OSM) Work?
Metformin works primarily by decreasing glucose production in the liver, reducing intestinal absorption of glucose, and improving insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues. This helps to lower blood sugar levels without causing significant weight gain.
Common Dosages
- Extended-Release Tablets: 500 mg, 750 mg, and 1000 mg.
Typical Dosing
- The usual starting dose for adults is 500 mg to 1000 mg once daily with the evening meal. The maximum recommended daily dose is typically 2000 mg, depending on individual response and tolerability.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Type 2 Diabetes: as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults and children aged 10 years and older.
Off-Label Uses
Who Shouldn't Take metFORMIN HCl ER (OSM)?
- Known hypersensitivity to metformin or any component of the formulation.
- Severe renal impairment (eGFR < 30 mL/min).
- Active or suspected metabolic acidosis, including diabetic ketoacidosis.
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take metformin with food to reduce gastrointestinal side effects, such as nausea and diarrhea.
- Monitor blood glucose levels regularly to assess the effectiveness of the medication.
- Avoid excessive alcohol consumption, as it may increase the risk of lactic acidosis.
Side Effects of metFORMIN HCl ER (OSM)
Common Side Effects
- Gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea)
- Abdominal discomfort
- Metallic taste
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Lactic acidosis (symptoms include muscle pain, difficulty breathing, and unusual tiredness)
- Hypoglycemia (when used with other antidiabetic medications)
Risks and Warnings of metFORMIN HCl ER (OSM)
- Lactic Acidosis: Although rare, this serious condition can occur, particularly in patients with renal impairment or conditions that increase the risk of hypoxia.
- Vitamin B12 Deficiency: Long-term use may lead to vitamin B12 deficiency; periodic monitoring is recommended.
- Renal Function Monitoring: Regular assessment of kidney function is necessary to ensure safe use.
Interactions with metFORMIN HCl ER (OSM)
Common Drug Interactions
- Other Antidiabetic Medications: Use caution when combining with insulin or sulfonylureas, as they can increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
- Cationic Medications: Certain drugs may alter the renal clearance of metformin and require dose adjustments.
Alternatives to metFORMIN HCl ER (OSM)
- Other Oral Antidiabetics: Such as sulfonylureas or DPP-4 inhibitors for blood glucose control.
- GLP-1 Receptor Agonists: For those requiring additional glycemic control with a focus on weight loss.
