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metFORMIN HCl ER
Metformin HCl ER (extended-release) is an oral medication used to manage type 2 diabetes. It is a member of the biguanide class of drugs and is known for its ability to improve glycemic control by enhancing insulin sensitivity and reducing glucose production in the liver. The extended-release formulation allows for once-daily dosing, improving adherence to the treatment regimen.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How quickly does metformin HCl ER work?
Patients may begin to notice improvements in blood sugar control within a few days to weeks of starting treatment.
Can I take metformin HCl ER with food?
Yes, it is recommended to take metformin with food to help minimize gastrointestinal side effects.
What should I do if I miss a dose?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it’s close to the time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not double up doses.
Are there any dietary restrictions while using metformin HCl ER?
There are no specific dietary restrictions, but maintaining a balanced diet and monitoring carbohydrate intake is advisable.
Is metformin HCl ER safe during pregnancy or breastfeeding?
Consult your healthcare provider if you are pregnant or breastfeeding to discuss the risks and benefits of using metformin.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does metFORMIN HCl ER Work?
Metformin primarily works by decreasing hepatic glucose production, improving insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues, and reducing intestinal absorption of glucose. This multifaceted action helps lower blood glucose levels without causing significant weight gain.
What is metFORMIN HCl ER Used For?
Common Dosages
- Extended-Release Tablets: 500 mg, 750 mg, and 1000 mg.
Typical Dosing
- The usual starting dose is 500 mg to 1000 mg taken once daily with the evening meal. The maximum recommended daily dose can be up to 2000 mg, adjusted based on individual response and tolerability.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Type 2 Diabetes: as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults and children aged 10 years and older.
Off-Label Uses
Who Shouldn't Take metFORMIN HCl ER?
- Known hypersensitivity to metformin or any component of the formulation.
- Severe renal impairment (eGFR < 30 mL/min).
- Active or suspected metabolic acidosis, including diabetic ketoacidosis.
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take metformin with food to minimize gastrointestinal side effects such as nausea and diarrhea.
- Regularly monitor blood glucose levels to assess the effectiveness of the medication.
- Avoid excessive alcohol consumption, as it may increase the risk of lactic acidosis.
Side Effects of metFORMIN HCl ER
Common Side Effects
- Gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea)
- Abdominal discomfort
- Metallic taste
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Lactic acidosis (symptoms include muscle pain, difficulty breathing, unusual tiredness)
- Hypoglycemia when used with other antidiabetic medications.
Risks and Warnings of metFORMIN HCl ER
- Lactic Acidosis: This rare but serious condition can occur, particularly in patients with renal impairment or those at risk for hypoxia.
- Vitamin B12 Deficiency: Long-term use may lead to vitamin B12 deficiency; periodic monitoring is recommended.
- Renal Function Monitoring: Regular assessment of kidney function is necessary to ensure safe use.
Interactions with metFORMIN HCl ER
Common Drug Interactions
- Other Antidiabetic Medications: Use caution when combining with insulin or sulfonylureas, as they can increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
- Cationic Medications: Some drugs may alter the renal clearance of metformin and require careful monitoring.
Alternatives to metFORMIN HCl ER
- Other Oral Antidiabetics: Options such as sulfonylureas or DPP-4 inhibitors may be considered for blood glucose control.
- GLP-1 Receptor Agonists: May be used for additional glycemic control, particularly in patients who need to lose weight.
