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Mefloquine HCl
Mefloquine HCl is an antimalarial medication primarily used for the prevention and treatment of malaria, particularly strains caused by Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax. It is commonly used in areas where malaria is endemic, especially for travelers and military personnel.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How quickly does mefloquine work for malaria prevention?
Mefloquine should be started at least 1 week before traveling to an endemic area to ensure effectiveness.
Can I take mefloquine with food?
Yes, mefloquine can be taken with or without food; taking it with food may help reduce gastrointestinal side effects.
What should I do if I miss a dose?
If you miss a weekly dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it’s almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule.
Are there any dietary restrictions while using mefloquine?
There are no specific dietary restrictions, but maintaining a balanced diet is advisable.
Is mefloquine safe during pregnancy or breastfeeding?
Consult your healthcare provider if you are pregnant or breastfeeding to discuss the risks and benefits of using mefloquine.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Mefloquine HCl Work?
Mefloquine works by interfering with the growth of parasites in the red blood cells of the human body. It inhibits the processing of heme, a toxic byproduct of the digestion of hemoglobin by the malaria parasite, ultimately leading to the death of the parasite.
Common Dosages
- Tablets: 250 mg.
Typical Dosing
- For Malaria Prevention: The usual dose is 250 mg taken once weekly, starting at least 1 week before travel to a malaria-endemic area and continuing for 4 weeks after leaving the area.
- For Treatment of Malaria: The dosage may vary; the typical regimen is 750 mg initially, followed by 500 mg 6 to 8 hours later.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Prevention of Malaria: for travelers to areas where malaria is endemic.
- Treatment of Malaria: especially in cases where other treatments may not be effective.
Who Shouldn't Take Mefloquine HCl?
- Known hypersensitivity to mefloquine or any component of the formulation.
- A history of seizures or neurological disorders.
- Certain psychiatric conditions (e.g., severe anxiety or depression).
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take mefloquine at the same time each week for prevention, and do not skip doses.
- Inform your healthcare provider of any other medications you are taking, especially those affecting the central nervous system.
- Be aware of potential side effects, including neurological or psychiatric symptoms, and report any concerning symptoms to your healthcare provider.
Side Effects of Mefloquine HCl
Common Side Effects
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Dizziness
- Insomnia
- Vivid dreams or nightmares
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Neurological symptoms (seizures, balance issues)
- Psychiatric symptoms (anxiety, depression, hallucinations)
Risks and Warnings of Mefloquine HCl
- Neuropsychiatric Effects: Monitor for mood changes, confusion, or anxiety, especially in patients with a history of mental health issues.
- Cardiovascular Risk: Caution is advised in patients with cardiac conditions due to potential effects on heart rhythm.
Interactions with Mefloquine HCl
Common Drug Interactions
- Other CNS Depressants: Use caution when combining with other medications that affect the central nervous system.
- Antimalarials: Be aware of potential interactions with other antimalarial drugs; consult your healthcare provider for guidance.
Alternatives to Mefloquine HCl
- Other Antimalarials: Such as atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, or chloroquine for prevention and treatment of malaria.
- Artemisinin-based Combination Therapies (ACTs): These are commonly used for treatment in malaria-endemic areas.