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Levsin
Levsin (hyoscyamine) is an anticholinergic and antispasmodic medication used to relieve symptoms related to gastrointestinal disorders, such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), spastic colon, and peptic ulcers. It works by relaxing the muscles in the gastrointestinal tract, reducing muscle spasms, and decreasing the secretion of stomach acids. Levsin is also used to treat bladder spasms, colic, and other conditions that involve muscle spasms in the digestive system.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How quickly does Levsin start working?
Levsin typically begins to relieve symptoms within 15-30 minutes after taking the medication, with effects lasting 2-4 hours.
Can I take Levsin long-term?
Levsin may be taken long-term under medical supervision, but regular monitoring for side effects, especially in elderly patients, is important due to the risk of cognitive side effects, dry mouth, constipation, and urinary retention.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Levsin?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is close to the time of your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double up on doses.
Can I drink alcohol while taking Levsin?
Alcohol can increase the sedative effects of Levsin, such as drowsiness and dizziness, so it is best to avoid alcohol while taking the medication.
Is Levsin safe for children?
Levsin can be used in children, but dosing must be carefully adjusted based on age and weight. Always follow the pediatric dosing instructions provided by your healthcare provider.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Levsin Work?
Levsin works by blocking the action of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter responsible for muscle contractions and secretions in the gastrointestinal tract. By inhibiting acetylcholine, Levsin reduces the spasms of smooth muscles in the digestive system and decreases the production of stomach acid, helping to alleviate pain and discomfort associated with gastrointestinal conditions such as IBS and peptic ulcers.
Common Dosages
- Tablets: 0.125 mg (sublingual and regular)
- Extended-release tablets: 0.375 mg
- Oral solution: 0.125 mg/5 mL
Typical Dosing
- For gastrointestinal disorders: The typical adult dose is 0.125 mg taken three to four times daily, 30-60 minutes before meals or as needed.
- For extended-release tablets: The dose is 0.375 mg once or twice daily, depending on the severity of symptoms.
- For pediatric use, the dose is adjusted based on weight and condition, typically using the oral solution.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
- Peptic ulcers
- Spastic colon
- Bladder spasms
- Colic and other gastrointestinal muscle spasms
- Excessive salivation (drooling) in patients with certain neurological conditions
- Heart rhythm disorders (as adjunctive therapy)
Who Shouldn't Take Levsin?
- Glaucoma, as it can increase intraocular pressure
- Obstructive uropathy (e.g., bladder neck obstruction)
- Myasthenia gravis
- Severe ulcerative colitis
- Obstructive gastrointestinal diseases, such as pyloric stenosis
- Known hypersensitivity to hyoscyamine or other anticholinergic agents
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take Levsin as prescribed by your healthcare provider. If taking the sublingual tablets, allow the tablet to dissolve under the tongue; do not swallow it whole.
- Be aware that Levsin can cause dry mouth, constipation, and blurred vision. Drink plenty of water and increase fiber intake to prevent constipation.
- Avoid overheating or dehydration, as Levsin can decrease your ability to sweat, increasing the risk of heatstroke.
- If you experience drowsiness or dizziness, avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until you know how the medication affects you.
- Contact your healthcare provider if you experience any vision changes, as this may be a sign of increased eye pressure.
Side Effects of Levsin
Common Side Effects
- Dry mouth
- Blurred vision
- Constipation
- Drowsiness or dizziness
- Difficulty urinating
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Severe confusion or hallucinations
- Fast or irregular heartbeat
- Glaucoma (increased intraocular pressure)
- Urinary retention (inability to urinate)
Risks and Warnings of Levsin
- Glaucoma Risk: Levsin can increase eye pressure, so it is not recommended for individuals with narrow-angle glaucoma or other eye conditions affecting intraocular pressure.
- Urinary Retention: Levsin can cause or worsen urinary retention, particularly in individuals with conditions like benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) or bladder obstruction.
- Cognitive Impairment: Elderly patients are more susceptible to confusion, memory loss, and hallucinations when using anticholinergic drugs like Levsin. Monitoring for these effects is important.
- Heat Intolerance: Levsin reduces sweating, which increases the risk of heat-related conditions such as heatstroke, especially during hot weather or exercise.
Interactions with Levsin
Common Drug Interactions
- Antihistamines: Concurrent use with antihistamines may increase anticholinergic side effects, such as drowsiness, dry mouth, and blurred vision.
- Antidepressants: Tricyclic antidepressants, like amitriptyline, can increase the risk of anticholinergic side effects when used with Levsin.
- Antacids: Antacids may reduce the absorption of Levsin, so avoid taking them together.
- Benzodiazepines: Using Levsin with sedative medications like diazepam or lorazepam may increase drowsiness and dizziness.
Alternatives to Levsin
- Dicyclomine (Bentyl): Another anticholinergic used for gastrointestinal spasms and IBS.
- Scopolamine: An anticholinergic used for motion sickness but also helps treat gastrointestinal spasms.
- Peppermint oil: A natural remedy for IBS that may relieve abdominal discomfort and spasms.
- Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) or H2 blockers: For individuals primarily experiencing peptic ulcers or acid reflux, these medications may be used instead of or in addition to anticholinergics.
