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Lactic Acid
Lactic acid is an alpha hydroxy acid (AHA) commonly used in various cosmetic and dermatological products. It is known for its ability to exfoliate the skin, promote cell turnover, and improve skin texture and hydration. It is also a byproduct of anaerobic metabolism in muscles and plays a role in several metabolic processes.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take to see results from lactic acid?
Improvements in skin texture and hydration can often be noticed within a few weeks of consistent use.
Can I use lactic acid with other skincare products?
Always consult your healthcare provider before combining lactic acid with other active ingredients, particularly exfoliants or strong actives.
What should I do if I experience irritation from lactic acid?
If you experience irritation, reduce the frequency of use or discontinue until your skin calms down. Consider consulting a healthcare provider if irritation persists.
Is it safe to use lactic acid during pregnancy?
Lactic acid is generally considered safe during pregnancy in topical formulations, but it is advisable to consult a healthcare provider before use.
Can lactic acid cause weight gain?
Lactic acid is not associated with weight gain, as it is primarily used for topical applications and does not impact body weight. Any significant changes in weight should be discussed with a healthcare provider.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Lactic Acid Work?
Lactic acid works by breaking down the bonds between dead skin cells on the surface of the skin, facilitating their removal. This process promotes exfoliation, leading to smoother and brighter skin. Additionally, it has humectant properties, attracting moisture to the skin and improving hydration.
Common Dosages
- 5% to 20% in over-the-counter formulations.
- Higher concentrations (up to 70%) are used in professional chemical peels.
Typical Dosing
- For topical use, apply a small amount of lactic acid-containing product to the affected area 1 to 2 times daily, depending on skin tolerance and the specific formulation.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Exfoliation of the skin: To improve texture and tone.
- Hydration: To enhance moisture retention in the skin.
- Treatment of conditions: Such as dry skin, keratosis pilaris, and acne.
Who Shouldn't Take Lactic Acid?
- Known hypersensitivity to lactic acid or any components of the formulation
- Active skin conditions such as eczema or psoriasis
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Patients should be advised to start with a lower concentration to assess tolerance, particularly those with sensitive skin.
- Use sunscreen daily, as AHAs can increase sun sensitivity.
- Gradually increase the frequency of use as tolerated to minimize irritation.
Side Effects of Lactic Acid
Common Side Effects
- Skin irritation or redness
- Dryness or peeling
- Stinging or burning sensation
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis)
- Persistent irritation or signs of chemical burn
Risks and Warnings of Lactic Acid
- Sun Sensitivity: Increased risk of sunburn; adequate sun protection is essential.
- Irritation: Overuse or use of high concentrations can lead to excessive irritation; consult a healthcare provider if this occurs.
Interactions with Lactic Acid
Common Drug Interactions
- Other Exfoliants: Use with caution when combining with other exfoliating agents (e.g., retinoids or other AHAs/BHAs) to avoid over-exfoliation.
- Skin Products: Certain skin products may increase irritation when used concurrently.
Alternatives to Lactic Acid
- Other AHAs: Such as glycolic acid or citric acid for similar exfoliating effects.
- Beta Hydroxy Acids (BHAs): Such as salicylic acid for acne treatment and exfoliation.
