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Labetalol HCl
Labetalol HCl is a beta-blocker and alpha-1 blocker used primarily for the treatment of hypertension (high blood pressure). It can be administered orally or intravenously and is effective in managing blood pressure by reducing heart rate and dilating blood vessels.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for labetalol to lower blood pressure?
Labetalol can start to lower blood pressure within 1 to 2 hours after administration, with peak effects typically occurring within 6 hours.
Can I take labetalol with other medications?
Always consult your healthcare provider before combining labetalol with other medications, especially other antihypertensives.
What should I do if I miss a dose of labetalol?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it’s close to the time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Is it safe to use labetalol during pregnancy?
Labetalol is often considered safe during pregnancy, but it is advisable to consult a healthcare provider before use.
Can labetalol cause weight gain?
Weight gain is not commonly reported with labetalol. Any significant changes in weight should be discussed with a healthcare provider.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Labetalol HCl Work?
Labetalol works by blocking beta-adrenergic receptors (β1 and β2) and alpha-1 adrenergic receptors. This dual action leads to decreased heart rate, reduced cardiac output, and vasodilation, effectively lowering blood pressure.
Common Dosages
Labetalol HCl is typically available in the following formulations:
- Oral tablets: Common dosages include 100 mg, 200 mg, and 300 mg.
- Injectable solution: Typically available as 5 mg/mL.
Typical Dosing
- For hypertension, the usual starting oral dose is 100 mg twice daily, which may be gradually increased based on response, with a maximum dose of 2,400 mg per day.
- For hypertensive emergencies, an initial dose of 20 mg IV may be administered, followed by additional doses or a continuous infusion.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Management of hypertension (either alone or in combination with other antihypertensive agents).
- Management of hypertensive emergencies when given intravenously.
Who Shouldn't Take Labetalol HCl?
- Known hypersensitivity to labetalol or any components of the formulation
- Severe asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
- Second- or third-degree AV block without a pacemaker
- Severe bradycardia or decompensated heart failure
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Patients should be advised to take labetalol HCl as prescribed and not to stop taking it abruptly, as this may lead to rebound hypertension.
- Inform patients about the importance of monitoring blood pressure regularly and reporting any significant changes to their healthcare provider.
- Discuss potential side effects, including dizziness, fatigue, and gastrointestinal disturbances.
Side Effects of Labetalol HCl
Common Side Effects
- Dizziness
- Fatigue
- Nausea
- Diarrhea
- Orthostatic hypotension
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis)
- Liver problems (elevated liver enzymes)
- Heart block or worsening heart failure
Risks and Warnings of Labetalol HCl
- Cardiovascular Risks: Monitor patients for signs of heart failure, bradycardia, and hypotension.
- Liver Function: Regular monitoring of liver function tests may be necessary during treatment.
Interactions with Labetalol HCl
Common Drug Interactions
- Other Antihypertensives: Caution is advised when used with other medications that lower blood pressure to avoid excessive hypotension.
- CYP2D6 Inhibitors: Medications that inhibit CYP2D6 may increase the effects of labetalol.
Alternatives to Labetalol HCl
- Other Beta-Blockers: Such as atenolol or metoprolol for hypertension management.
- ACE Inhibitors or Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs): For alternative approaches to managing hypertension.
