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Kristalose
Kristalose is the brand name for lactulose, a synthetic sugar used primarily to treat constipation and to manage hepatic encephalopathy in patients with liver disease. Lactulose works by drawing water into the colon, softening stools and promoting bowel movements. It is often prescribed for patients who experience chronic constipation or those requiring relief from constipation due to medication side effects or other health issues.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How quickly does Kristalose work?
Kristalose usually works within 24 to 48 hours after the first dose, though individual responses may vary.
Can I take Kristalose every day?
Kristalose can be taken daily as directed by your healthcare provider. If you require long-term use, discuss this with your doctor to ensure it remains appropriate for you.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Kristalose?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it’s almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Is Kristalose safe during pregnancy?
Kristalose is generally considered safe for use during pregnancy, but you should consult your healthcare provider before use.
Can Kristalose be used in children?
Kristalose can be used in children, but the dosing should be determined by a healthcare provider based on the child's age and condition.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Kristalose Work?
- Increased water retention in the colon
- Softening of stools
- Stimulation of peristalsis (the movement of the intestines), promoting bowel movements
In patients with hepatic encephalopathy, lactulose also helps reduce blood ammonia levels by promoting its excretion through increased bowel movement frequency.
Common Dosages
- Oral liquid (typically 10 g/15 mL or 20 g/30 mL)
- Powder for oral solution
The dosage may vary depending on the condition being treated:
- For chronic constipation, the usual starting dose is 15 to 30 mL (or 10 to 20 g) daily, which can be adjusted based on the patient’s response.
- For hepatic encephalopathy, the initial dose may be 30 to 45 mL (or 20 to 30 g) three times daily, with adjustments made based on ammonia levels and clinical response.
Typical Dosing
- For chronic constipation: The usual starting dose is 15 to 30 mL daily. Maintenance doses may be adjusted based on individual response.
- For hepatic encephalopathy: The recommended starting dose is typically 30 to 45 mL three times a day. The dose may be adjusted based on clinical response and ammonia levels.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Treatment of chronic constipation
- Management of hepatic encephalopathy to lower ammonia levels in the blood
Who Shouldn't Take Kristalose?
- Galactosemia (a rare genetic disorder affecting the metabolism of galactose)
- Bowel obstruction or severe inflammatory bowel disease (e.g., ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease)
- Hypersensitivity or allergy to lactulose or any components of the formulation.
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take Kristalose as directed: Follow the dosage instructions provided by your healthcare provider or as indicated on the package.
- Mix with water or juice: If using the powder form, dissolve it in water or juice before consumption. The liquid form can also be mixed for better taste if desired.
- Stay hydrated: Drink plenty of fluids while using Kristalose to enhance its laxative effects.
- Monitor bowel movements: Keep track of your bowel habits and report any severe diarrhea or abdominal cramps to your healthcare provider.
- Store Kristalose at room temperature, away from moisture and heat, and keep it out of reach of children.
Side Effects of Kristalose
Common Side Effects
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Abdominal cramping
- Flatulence (gas)
- Diarrhea
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Severe allergic reactions (e.g., rash, swelling, difficulty breathing)
- Electrolyte imbalances due to excessive diarrhea
Risks and Warnings of Kristalose
- Electrolyte Imbalances: Prolonged use of lactulose can lead to imbalances in electrolytes, particularly in patients with kidney disease or those taking diuretics. Monitoring may be necessary.
- Bowel Obstruction: Kristalose should not be used in patients with bowel obstruction or conditions that could lead to perforation.
- Diabetes: Although lactulose does not significantly affect blood sugar levels, diabetics should use caution and consult their healthcare provider.
Interactions with Kristalose
Common Drug Interactions
- Diuretics: To monitor for potential electrolyte imbalances.
- Antibiotics: As they may affect the colonic bacteria responsible for metabolizing lactulose.
Alternatives to Kristalose
- Polyethylene glycol (PEG): A common osmotic laxative used for constipation.
- Senna or bisacodyl: Stimulant laxatives that can also be used to treat constipation.
- Dietary fiber supplements: Such as psyllium husk or methylcellulose, which can help promote bowel regularity.
