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Keflex
Keflex is the brand name for cephalexin, a cephalosporin antibiotic used to treat a variety of bacterial infections. It is effective against both Gram-positive and some Gram-negative bacteria and is commonly prescribed for infections of the skin, respiratory tract, ears, bones, and urinary tract. Keflex works by interfering with the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall, leading to cell lysis and death.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How quickly does Keflex work?
Keflex usually starts to improve infection symptoms within 24 to 48 hours. However, it is crucial to complete the full course of treatment as prescribed.
Can I take Keflex if I am pregnant?
Keflex is generally considered safe for use during pregnancy. However, consult your healthcare provider before taking any medication during pregnancy.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Keflex?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is close to the time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not double up on doses.
Can I drink alcohol while taking Keflex?
While there is no direct contraindication to alcohol with Keflex, it is generally advisable to avoid alcohol during antibiotic treatment, as it can exacerbate side effects such as gastrointestinal upset.
Is it normal to have diarrhea while taking Keflex?
Mild diarrhea can be a common side effect of antibiotics, including Keflex. However, if you experience severe diarrhea or notice blood in your stool, contact your healthcare provider immediately, as this may indicate a more serious condition.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Keflex Work?
Cephalexin works by inhibiting the enzyme transpeptidase, which is essential for the cross-linking of peptidoglycan layers in bacterial cell walls. This disruption in cell wall synthesis weakens the bacteria, leading to their eventual destruction. Cephalexin is particularly effective against bacteria that are sensitive to its action.
Common Dosages
- Adults: The usual dose is 250 mg to 500 mg taken every 6 to 12 hours, depending on the infection.
- Children: The dosage is based on the child's weight, typically 25 to 50 mg/kg/day divided into doses every 6 to 12 hours.
Typical Dosing
- For mild to moderate infections: Adults typically receive 500 mg every 12 hours for 7 to 14 days, depending on the infection's severity and the physician's discretion.
- For urinary tract infections: A common dosage is 500 mg every 12 hours for 7 to 14 days.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Respiratory tract infections
- Skin and soft tissue infections
- Otitis media (ear infections)
- Bone infections (osteomyelitis)
- Urinary tract infections
Who Shouldn't Take Keflex?
- Known hypersensitivity to cephalexin, other cephalosporins, or any components of the formulation.
- History of severe allergic reactions to penicillin antibiotics, as there may be cross-reactivity.
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take Keflex as prescribed: Follow your healthcare provider’s instructions regarding dosage and duration. Complete the full course of antibiotics, even if symptoms improve before finishing the medication.
- Stay hydrated: Drinking plenty of fluids can help prevent dehydration, especially if you experience gastrointestinal side effects.
- Report any side effects: Common side effects include nausea, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. Severe allergic reactions or signs of anaphylaxis (such as rash, itching, or difficulty breathing) require immediate medical attention.
- Store Keflex at room temperature, away from moisture and heat, and keep it out of reach of children.
Side Effects of Keflex
Common Side Effects
- Nausea
- Diarrhea
- Abdominal pain
- Headache
- Rash
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Severe allergic reactions (e.g., rash, swelling, difficulty breathing)
- Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea, which can occur with antibiotic use.
Risks and Warnings of Keflex
- Antibiotic Resistance: Overuse or misuse of Keflex can lead to antibiotic resistance. It is essential to use this medication only as prescribed.
- C. difficile Infection: Prolonged use of antibiotics, including Keflex, can disrupt normal gut flora and lead to overgrowth of C. difficile, causing severe diarrhea and colitis.
- Renal Impairment: Patients with kidney issues should use Keflex with caution, and dose adjustments may be necessary.
Interactions with Keflex
Common Drug Interactions
- Probenecid: This medication can increase the levels of cephalexin in the blood by decreasing renal excretion.
- Anticoagulants: Antibiotics may enhance the effects of anticoagulants, increasing the risk of bleeding.
Alternatives to Keflex
- Other cephalosporins: Such as cefuroxime or ceftriaxone, which may be used for similar indications.
- Penicillin antibiotics: Such as amoxicillin, which can treat certain infections as well.
- Macrolides: Such as azithromycin or clarithromycin for patients with penicillin allergies.
