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Kazano
Kazano is a fixed-dose combination medication containing abacavir, lamivudine, and dolutegravir. It is used for the treatment of HIV-1 infection in adults and children aged 12 years and older. This combination therapy is designed to provide a simplified, once-daily regimen to help manage HIV effectively. Each component of Kazano plays a crucial role in inhibiting viral replication, leading to better control of the virus.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How quickly does Kazano work?
Kazano typically begins to reduce the viral load within a few weeks of starting treatment, although it is essential to continue taking it as prescribed for long-term viral suppression.
Can I take Kazano with food?
Yes, Kazano can be taken with or without food. However, it is best to take it consistently the same way each day.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Kazano?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is close to the time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not double up on doses.
Is Kazano safe to use during pregnancy?
The safety of Kazano during pregnancy is not fully established. Consult your healthcare provider for personalized guidance if you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant.
Can I stop taking Kazano once my viral load is undetectable?
No, it is crucial to continue taking Kazano as prescribed even if your viral load becomes undetectable, as discontinuing treatment can lead to viral rebound and resistance. Always consult your healthcare provider before making any changes to your treatment regimen.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Kazano Work?
- Abacavir and Lamivudine: Both are nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors that work by inhibiting the reverse transcriptase enzyme, which is essential for the conversion of viral RNA into DNA. This action prevents the virus from replicating and producing new virus particles.
- Dolutegravir: An integrase strand transfer inhibitor that blocks the integrase enzyme, preventing the viral DNA from integrating into the host's DNA. This further inhibits the replication of the virus.
The combination of these three agents provides a robust and effective approach to HIV treatment.
Common Dosages
- 1 tablet taken once daily with or without food.
Typical Dosing
- For HIV-1 treatment: The standard dosing is 1 tablet of Kazano daily. It is important to take it at the same time each day to maintain consistent drug levels in the body.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Treatment of HIV-1 infection in adults and children aged 12 years and older who are virologically suppressed on a stable antiretroviral regimen with no history of treatment failure and no known resistance to any of the components.
Who Shouldn't Take Kazano?
- Known hypersensitivity to abacavir, lamivudine, dolutegravir, or any components of the formulation.
- Severe liver impairment or a history of liver disease related to prior use of abacavir.
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take Kazano as prescribed: Follow your healthcare provider's instructions regarding dosage and timing. Consistent adherence to the medication is crucial for effective viral suppression.
- Monitor for side effects: Common side effects may include headache, fatigue, nausea, and diarrhea. Report any severe or unusual symptoms to your healthcare provider immediately.
- Regular follow-up: Routine monitoring of your viral load and CD4 count is essential to assess the effectiveness of the treatment.
- Store Kazano at room temperature, away from moisture and heat, and keep it out of reach of children.
Side Effects of Kazano
Common Side Effects
- Headache
- Nausea
- Diarrhea
- Fatigue
- Insomnia
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Severe allergic reactions (e.g., rash, itching, swelling, difficulty breathing)
- Liver problems: Symptoms may include jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes), dark urine, or abdominal pain.
- Depression or mood changes: Monitor for any significant changes in mood or behavior.
Risks and Warnings of Kazano
- Hypersensitivity Reactions: Abacavir can cause serious hypersensitivity reactions. Patients should be screened for the HLA-B*5701 allele before starting treatment, as those who test positive are at increased risk for these reactions.
- Liver Function: Regular monitoring of liver function tests is recommended, especially in patients with a history of liver disease.
- Mental Health: Be aware of potential mood changes or depression. Report any concerning symptoms to your healthcare provider.
Interactions with Kazano
Common Drug Interactions
- Other antiretroviral therapies: Inform your healthcare provider about all medications you are taking to avoid potential interactions, especially with other HIV medications.
- Medications affecting liver enzymes: Certain drugs can impact the metabolism of Kazano, affecting its efficacy and safety.
Alternatives to Kazano
- Other antiretroviral therapies: Alternative regimens may include different combinations of ARTs based on viral load, treatment history, and potential drug interactions.
- Single-tablet regimens: Such as Biktarvy (bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide) or Triumeq (dolutegravir/abacavir/lamivudine), which offer convenient once-daily dosing.
