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Janumet XR
Janumet XR is a combination medication that contains sitagliptin, a DPP-4 inhibitor, and metformin, a biguanide. It is used to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The extended-release formulation allows for once-daily dosing, making it a convenient option for patients to manage their blood sugar levels effectively.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for Janumet XR to start working?
Patients may begin to see improvements in blood glucose levels within a few days, but optimal control may take longer.
Can I take Janumet XR with other medications?
Always consult your healthcare provider before combining Janumet XR with other medications, especially those affecting blood sugar levels.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Janumet XR?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it’s close to the time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Is it safe to use Janumet XR during pregnancy?
Janumet XR should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed, and the risks and benefits should be discussed with a healthcare provider.
Can Janumet XR cause weight gain?
Weight gain is not common with Janumet XR; in fact, it may help with weight management. Any significant changes in weight should be discussed with a healthcare provider.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Janumet XR Work?
- Sitagliptin works by inhibiting the DPP-4 enzyme, which leads to increased levels of incretin hormones. These hormones help stimulate insulin secretion in response to meals and reduce glucagon levels, thus lowering blood glucose levels.
- Metformin decreases hepatic glucose production and improves insulin sensitivity, further contributing to better blood sugar control.
Common Dosages
- Extended-release tablets: Common dosages include 100 mg sitagliptin/1000 mg metformin and 50 mg sitagliptin/1000 mg metformin.
Typical Dosing
- The typical starting dose is 100 mg of sitagliptin and 1000 mg of metformin taken once daily with food. The dose may be adjusted based on individual blood glucose levels and tolerability.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Improvement of glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus, used in conjunction with diet and exercise.
Who Shouldn't Take Janumet XR?
- Known hypersensitivity to sitagliptin, metformin, or any components of the formulation
- Severe renal impairment (eGFR < 30 mL/min)
- Active or history of metabolic acidosis, including diabetic ketoacidosis
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Patients should be advised to take Janumet XR with food to reduce gastrointestinal side effects.
- Encourage regular monitoring of blood glucose levels to evaluate treatment effectiveness.
- Advise patients to stay hydrated and report any signs of dehydration or gastrointestinal disturbances.
Side Effects of Janumet XR
Common Side Effects
- Nausea
- Diarrhea
- Abdominal discomfort
- Headache
- Fatigue
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Lactic acidosis (a rare but serious condition associated with metformin)
- Severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis)
- Kidney problems, including acute kidney injury
Risks and Warnings of Janumet XR
- Lactic Acidosis: Monitor for symptoms such as weakness, fatigue, and unusual muscle pain, especially in patients with renal impairment or other risk factors.
- Renal Function: Assess renal function prior to initiation and periodically during treatment, as this combination can impact kidney health.
- Gastrointestinal Risks: Use with caution in patients with a history of gastrointestinal issues.
Interactions with Janumet XR
Common Drug Interactions
- Other Antidiabetic Medications: Careful monitoring is required when using Janumet XR with other diabetes medications to avoid hypoglycemia.
- Diuretics and ACE Inhibitors: These may enhance the effects of Janumet XR and should be monitored for changes in blood glucose levels.
Alternatives to Janumet XR
- Metformin alone: For patients who do not require DPP-4 inhibition.
- Other DPP-4 Inhibitors: Such as linagliptin for managing blood sugar levels.
- GLP-1 Receptor Agonists: Such as liraglutide for additional options in diabetes management.
