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Isopto Carpine
Isopto Carpine (pilocarpine hydrochloride) is a miotic agent primarily used in the treatment of glaucoma and ocular hypertension. It works by increasing the outflow of aqueous humor from the eye, which helps to reduce intraocular pressure. Additionally, it is used in the treatment of xerostomia (dry mouth) in patients with conditions such as Sjögren's syndrome or following radiation therapy.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for Isopto Carpine to start working?
Isopto Carpine typically begins to lower intraocular pressure within 30 minutes of administration, with peak effects occurring around 2 hours.
Can I take Isopto Carpine with other medications?
Always consult your healthcare provider before combining Isopto Carpine with other medications, especially other ophthalmic treatments.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Isopto Carpine?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it’s close to the time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Is it safe to use Isopto Carpine during pregnancy?
Isopto Carpine should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed, and the risks and benefits should be discussed with a healthcare provider.
Can Isopto Carpine cause weight gain?
Weight gain is not a common side effect of Isopto Carpine. Any significant changes in weight should be discussed with a healthcare provider.
Can Isopto Carpine cause weight gain?
Weight gain is not a common side effect of Isopto Carpine. Any significant changes in weight should be discussed with a healthcare provider.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Isopto Carpine Work?
Pilocarpine stimulates the muscarinic receptors in the eye, leading to contraction of the ciliary muscle and the sphincter muscle of the iris. This results in miosis (pupil constriction) and increases the outflow of aqueous humor, thereby lowering intraocular pressure.
Common Dosages
- Ophthalmic solution: Common concentrations include 1%, 2%, and 4% solutions.
Typical Dosing
- For glaucoma: The usual dose is 1 to 2 drops in the affected eye(s) 2 to 4 times daily, depending on the severity of intraocular pressure.
- For xerostomia: The recommended dose is usually 5 mg taken three times daily as an oral tablet, although the ophthalmic formulation may also be used for this condition.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Reduction of intraocular pressure in patients with glaucoma or ocular hypertension.
- Management of dry mouth in patients with Sjögren's syndrome or as a result of radiation therapy.
Who Shouldn't Take Isopto Carpine?
- Known hypersensitivity to pilocarpine or any components of the formulation
- Acute iritis or other inflammatory eye conditions
- History of retinal detachment
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Patients should be instructed on the proper technique for administering eye drops to avoid contamination and maximize effectiveness.
- Advise patients to report any changes in vision, eye pain, or excessive tearing.
- Inform patients about the potential for side effects such as blurred vision or difficulty seeing in low light due to miosis.
Side Effects of Isopto Carpine
Common Side Effects
- Blurred vision
- Eye irritation or redness
- Headache
- Sweating
- Nausea
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Retinal detachment
- Severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis)
Risks and Warnings of Isopto Carpine
- Ocular Effects: Caution should be exercised in patients with a history of retinal detachment or other serious eye conditions.
- Systemic Absorption: Although primarily an ophthalmic agent, pilocarpine can have systemic effects, particularly in high doses.
Interactions with Isopto Carpine
Common Drug Interactions
- Other Ophthalmic Agents: Use caution when combining with other eye medications to avoid additive effects on intraocular pressure.
- Anticholinergic Drugs: These may counteract the effects of Isopto Carpine.
Alternatives to Isopto Carpine
- Other Glaucoma Medications: Such as latanoprost or timolol for lowering intraocular pressure.
- Artificial Tears: For managing dry eye symptoms if pilocarpine is not appropriate.
