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Impavido
Impavido is the brand name for miltefosine, an oral medication used to treat leishmaniasis, specifically visceral leishmaniasis (also known as kala-azar) and cutaneous leishmaniasis. It is effective against certain types of the leishmania parasite, which are transmitted through the bites of infected sandflies. Impavido works by inhibiting the growth of the parasite, thereby helping to clear the infection.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How quickly does Impavido work?
Patients may start to notice improvements in symptoms within a few weeks of starting treatment, but full therapeutic effects may take longer, depending on the severity of the infection.
Can I take Impavido with food?
Yes, it is recommended to take Impavido with food to enhance absorption and reduce gastrointestinal side effects.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Impavido?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it’s close to the time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not double up on doses.
Is Impavido safe during pregnancy?
No, Impavido is contraindicated during pregnancy due to potential harm to the fetus. Women should discuss contraceptive options with their healthcare provider before starting treatment.
Can I stop taking Impavido once I feel better?
It is essential to complete the full course of treatment as prescribed, even if you start to feel better, to ensure the infection is fully cleared. Always consult your healthcare provider before making any changes to your treatment plan.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Impavido Work?
Miltefosine acts by disrupting the parasite's lipid metabolism and function of cellular membranes, which is crucial for their growth and reproduction. It interferes with the production of phospholipids, leading to cell death and helping to clear the infection caused by leishmania species.
Common Dosages
- For visceral leishmaniasis: The recommended dose is 2.5 mg/kg taken orally once daily for 28 days.
- For cutaneous leishmaniasis: The recommended dose is the same, but treatment duration may vary based on individual response.
Typical Dosing
- For visceral leishmaniasis: Take 2.5 mg/kg orally once daily for 28 days.
- For cutaneous leishmaniasis: The same dosage is generally recommended; however, consult your healthcare provider for specifics on duration.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Treatment of visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar).
- Treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis in adults and pediatric patients.
Who Shouldn't Take Impavido?
- Known hypersensitivity to miltefosine or any components of the formulation.
- Pregnancy: Miltefosine can cause fetal harm; it is contraindicated during pregnancy unless the potential benefits outweigh the risks.
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take Impavido as prescribed: Follow your healthcare provider's instructions regarding dosage and duration of treatment.
- Administer with food: Taking miltefosine with food may help improve absorption and reduce gastrointestinal side effects.
- Monitor for side effects: Common side effects may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. Report any severe or persistent symptoms to your healthcare provider.
- Use effective contraception: Women of childbearing potential should use effective contraception during treatment and for at least 3 months after discontinuation due to potential teratogenic effects.
Side Effects of Impavido
Common Side Effects
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Abdominal pain
- Headache
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Liver dysfunction: Symptoms may include jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes) or dark urine.
- Allergic reactions: Such as rash, itching, swelling, or difficulty breathing.
Risks and Warnings of Impavido
- Teratogenic effects: Miltefosine may cause birth defects; it is important to avoid use during pregnancy and ensure effective contraception during treatment.
- Hepatotoxicity: Monitor liver function tests during treatment, especially in patients with preexisting liver conditions.
- Gastrointestinal effects: Patients should be advised that gastrointestinal side effects may occur and should be managed as needed.
Interactions with Impavido
Common Drug Interactions
- Cytotoxic drugs: Caution is advised when using miltefosine with other medications that can affect liver function or have similar toxic profiles.
- Other antimalarials: Monitor for potential interactions that could increase the risk of adverse effects.
Alternatives to Impavido
- Other treatments for leishmaniasis: Such as liposomal amphotericin B or pentavalent antimonials, which are also used in the management of leishmaniasis depending on the type and severity of the infection.
