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Haxchlo
Haxchlo is the brand name for chloroquine phosphate, an antimalarial medication primarily used for the prevention and treatment of malaria caused by Plasmodium parasites. Chloroquine is also indicated for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and lupus erythematosus due to its immunomodulatory effects. It works by inhibiting the growth of the malaria parasite in the red blood cells and modulating immune responses.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How quickly does Haxchlo work?
Patients may start to notice improvements in malaria symptoms within 1 to 2 days of starting treatment, though full recovery may take longer.
Can I take Haxchlo with other medications?
Always inform your healthcare provider about all medications you are taking, including over-the-counter drugs, to avoid potential interactions.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Haxchlo?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is close to the time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not double up on doses.
Is Haxchlo safe during pregnancy?
Haxchlo should only be used during pregnancy if clearly needed. Discuss the risks and benefits with your healthcare provider.
Can I stop taking Haxchlo if my symptoms improve?
It is important to complete the full course of treatment as prescribed, even if symptoms improve, to ensure the infection is fully cleared. Always consult your healthcare provider before making any changes to your treatment plan.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Haxchlo Work?
Chloroquine phosphate works by interfering with the parasite's ability to digest hemoglobin in the red blood cells. By inhibiting the enzyme hemopolymerase, chloroquine prevents the conversion of toxic heme to non-toxic hemozoin, leading to the accumulation of toxic heme and ultimately killing the malaria parasites. Additionally, chloroquine has anti-inflammatory properties, which contribute to its effectiveness in treating autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and lupus.
Common Dosages
- For malaria treatment: Adults typically take 1,000 mg (base) as a loading dose, followed by 500 mg at 6, 24, and 48 hours.
- For malaria prevention: Adults take 500 mg (base) once a week, starting 1-2 weeks before travel to endemic areas and continuing for 4 weeks after leaving.
- For rheumatoid arthritis or lupus: The dosage may vary; consult your healthcare provider for specific dosing.
Typical Dosing
- For malaria treatment: Take 1,000 mg (base) orally as a loading dose, followed by 500 mg at 6, 24, and 48 hours.
- For malaria prevention: Take 500 mg (base) orally once weekly.
- For rheumatoid arthritis or lupus: Dosage should be determined by a healthcare provider based on clinical response.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Treatment of malaria caused by sensitive strains of Plasmodium.
- Prevention of malaria in travelers to areas where malaria is endemic.
- Management of rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus.
Who Shouldn't Take Haxchlo?
- Known hypersensitivity to chloroquine or any components of the formulation.
- Retinal or visual field changes related to previous use of 4-aminoquinoline compounds (e.g., chloroquine).
- Severe hepatic impairment.
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Use as prescribed: Follow your healthcare provider's instructions regarding dosing and timing for optimal efficacy and safety.
- Take with food: To minimize gastrointestinal side effects, take Haxchlo with food or milk.
- Monitor for side effects: Common side effects may include nausea, vomiting, headache, and dizziness. Report any severe or unusual symptoms to your healthcare provider.
- Store Haxchlo at room temperature, away from moisture and heat, and keep it out of reach of children.
Side Effects of Haxchlo
Common Side Effects
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Headache
- Dizziness
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Retinal damage or visual disturbances with long-term use.
- Severe allergic reactions (e.g., rash, itching, swelling, difficulty breathing).
Risks and Warnings of Haxchlo
- Ocular Toxicity: Patients should have regular eye exams if treated long-term, as chloroquine can cause retinal damage.
- G6PD Deficiency: Patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency are at increased risk of hemolysis when treated with chloroquine.
- Cardiac Monitoring: Caution is advised in patients with preexisting heart conditions, as chloroquine can cause QT interval prolongation.
Interactions with Haxchlo
Common Drug Interactions
- Antacids: May interfere with the absorption of chloroquine; take them at least 4 hours apart.
- CYP450 inducers: Such as rifampin, may reduce the effectiveness of chloroquine.
Alternatives to Haxchlo
- Other antimalarials: Such as mefloquine, atovaquone-proguanil, or doxycycline, depending on the type of malaria and resistance patterns.
- Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for the management of rheumatoid arthritis and lupus in combination with other treatments.