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Glycopyrrolate
Glycopyrrolate is a type of medication known as an anticholinergic. It's used for a variety of conditions because it can reduce secretions and decrease spasms in the muscles of the stomach, intestines, and bladder. Common side effects include dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, and upset stomach, but your healthcare provider will always ensure the benefits outweigh these issues.
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Frequently Asked Questions
Can Glycopyrrolate affect my vision?
Yes, it can cause blurred vision and sensitivity to light. If you're finding it difficult to see or are experiencing eye pain, reach out to your healthcare provider immediately.
Can I consume alcohol while on Glycopyrrolate medication?
It's best to avoid alcohol while on this medication as it can intensify certain side effects such as dizziness and confusion.
Does it prevent excessive sweating?
Yes, a common use of glycopyrrolate is to reduce the body's production of sweat.
How long does it take for Glycopyrrolate to work?
Glycopyrrolate usually starts working within an hour of taking the medication.
Should I take Glycopyrrolate with meals?
No, glycopyrrolate should be taken at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals for optimal absorption.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Glycopyrrolate Work?
Glycopyrrolate is an anticholinergic agent that works by blocking the action of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that transmits signals in the nervous system. When acetylcholine is blocked, it leads to decreased activity in the smooth muscles of the gastrointestinal, urinary, and respiratory systems.
What is Glycopyrrolate Used For?
FDA indications: Glycopyrrolate is used for treating peptic ulcers and reducing drooling in pediatric patients. It's also used as a bronchodilator for treating breathing issues in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Offlabel uses: It's also used offlabel for managing chronic severe drooling caused by neurologic disorders in adults.
Common Dosages
Tablets: 1mg, 2mg
Oral solution: 1mg/5mL, also available as an injection and inhalation powder
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- For FDAapproved indications:
- Peptic ulcer: 1 to 2mg three times daily.
- Excessive drooling in children: 0.02mg/kg three times daily, maximum total daily dosage: 1.53mg
- COPD: one capsule by oral inhalation twice daily
Off-Label Uses
- Chronic severe drooling in adults: 1 to 2mg three times daily or as directed by the healthcare provider.
Who Shouldn't Take Glycopyrrolate?
- Have a blockage in your urinary tract
- Have severe ulcerative colitis or toxic megacolon
- Have glaucoma
- Have a rare muscle disorder called myasthenia gravis
- Are pregnant or planning to become pregnant
- Have severe heart disease or high blood pressure
- Are breastfeeding
- Have liver or kidney disease
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take this medication on an empty stomach, at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals
- Drink plenty of fluids (unless your doctor has advised otherwise) to avoid becoming dehydrated.
- Do not chew or crush the capsules; they must be swallowed whole.
- Avoid activities such as driving as glycopyrrolate may cause dizziness or blurred vision
- This medication can make you sweat less, making you more prone to heat stroke. Avoid strenuous activities in hot weather.
- Do not stop taking glycopyrrolate without the advice of your healthcare provider. Preemptive discontinuation may worsen your condition.
Side Effects of Glycopyrrolate
Common Side Effects
- You might feel a dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation and an upset stomach.
- You might experience decreased sweating.
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Uncommon side effects:
- You might experience headaches, dizziness, or sleepiness.
- You might have difficulty with urination or changes in your heart rate.
- Rare side effects:
- You might have an allergic reaction (The symptoms of a serious allergic reaction include: itching or hives, swelling in your face or hands, swelling or tingling in your mouth or throat, chest tightness, and trouble breathing)
- Severe side effects:
- You might have symptoms of heat stroke such as fever or heavy sweating.
Risks and Warnings of Glycopyrrolate
- Refer to your doctor if you have a history of glaucoma, prostatic hypertrophy, or urinary retention as effects of Glycopyrrolate include increased eye pressure, enlarged prostate, or difficulty urinating.
- Cautions for patients with a history of arrhythmia, high blood pressure, or heart diseases as Glycopyrrolate might worsen these conditions.
- Diabetes and thyroid dysfunction might also warrant a reconsideration of the Glycopyrrolate treatment.
- Glycopyrrolate should be avoided during pregnancy unless prescribed by a healthcare provider.
- If you have conditions like liver impairment or kidney disorders, Glycopyrrolate might require careful adjustment and close monitoring.
Interactions with Glycopyrrolate
Common Drug Interactions
- Antihistamines
- Antipsychotics
- Certain antiarrhythmics
- Certain antidepressants
- Certain anticancer drugs
Alternatives to Glycopyrrolate
- Aclidinium
- Ipratropium
- Oxybutynin
- Scopolamine
- Solifenacin
- Tiotropium
- Tolterodine
- Trospium
