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Epivir
Epivir (lamivudine) is an antiviral medication used to treat HIV infection and chronic hepatitis B. It belongs to the class of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), which work by preventing the virus from multiplying in the body. Epivir is used in combination with other antiretroviral medications to manage HIV and can also be used as monotherapy for hepatitis B.
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Frequently Asked Questions
Can Epivir cure HIV?
No, Epivir does not cure HIV, but it helps manage the infection and lowers the viral load, improving immune function.
What happens if I stop taking Epivir for hepatitis B?
Stopping Epivir can cause a flare-up of hepatitis B, leading to serious liver damage. Always consult your healthcare provider before discontinuing.
Can I take Epivir if I am pregnant?
Yes, Epivir is generally considered safe during pregnancy, but always consult your healthcare provider before starting or continuing the medication during pregnancy.
Does Epivir interact with other HIV medications?
Epivir is often used in combination with other antiretroviral drugs for HIV treatment. Inform your healthcare provider of all medications you are taking to avoid interactions.
Can Epivir be used for both HIV and hepatitis B at the same time?
Yes, Epivir can treat both HIV and hepatitis B, but it must be used in combination with other HIV medications to effectively manage HIV.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Epivir Work?
Epivir works by inhibiting reverse transcriptase, an enzyme used by HIV and hepatitis B to replicate their viral RNA. By blocking this enzyme, Epivir reduces the amount of virus in the body, helping to slow disease progression and prevent further liver damage in hepatitis B patients.
Common Dosages
- Tablets: 150 mg, 300 mg
- Oral solution: 10 mg/mL
Typical Dosing
- For HIV, the typical dose is 300 mg once daily or 150 mg twice daily, taken in combination with other antiretrovirals.
- For chronic hepatitis B, the typical dose is 100 mg once daily.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- Treatment of HIV infection in combination with other antiretrovirals
- Treatment of chronic hepatitis B
Who Shouldn't Take Epivir?
- Known hypersensitivity to lamivudine or any of its components.
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take Epivir exactly as prescribed and do not skip doses, as this can lead to drug resistance.
- Epivir can be taken with or without food.
- Regular monitoring of liver function and viral load is important while taking Epivir.
Side Effects of Epivir
Common Side Effects
- Headache
- Nausea
- Fatigue
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Lactic acidosis
- Liver problems (hepatomegaly or steatosis)
Risks and Warnings of Epivir
- Lactic Acidosis: Epivir may cause a buildup of lactic acid in the blood, a serious but rare side effect. Symptoms include weakness, nausea, vomiting, and difficulty breathing.
- Hepatic Flares: Discontinuing Epivir in patients with hepatitis B can lead to severe flare-ups of hepatitis. Always consult a healthcare provider before stopping the medication.
Interactions with Epivir
Common Drug Interactions
- Trimethoprim (part of Bactrim): May increase lamivudine levels.
- Zidovudine: Often used in combination with Epivir for HIV treatment, but blood counts should be monitored.
Alternatives to Epivir
- Tenofovir (another NRTI used for HIV and hepatitis B)
- Truvada (combination of tenofovir and emtricitabine)
- Adefovir (used for hepatitis B)
