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Dovato
Dovato is a combination antiretroviral medication containing dolutegravir and lamivudine used to treat HIV-1 infection. It is a two-drug regimen designed to control the HIV virus in adults and children weighing at least 30 kg. Dovato belongs to the class of integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) and nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), which work together to reduce the viral load and prevent the virus from multiplying.
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Frequently Asked Questions
Can I take Dovato if I have hepatitis B?
If you have hepatitis B, you should not stop taking Dovato without consulting your doctor, as this could cause your hepatitis to worsen.
How long does it take for Dovato to start working?
Dovato starts lowering HIV levels within a few days, but it may take several weeks or months to see the full effect. Regular blood tests will help monitor your progress.
Can I switch from another HIV medication to Dovato?
Yes, many patients switch to Dovato as a simpler, two-drug regimen, but this should only be done under the guidance of a healthcare provider.
Does Dovato interact with other medications?
Yes, Dovato may interact with antacids, calcium supplements, and certain medications used for seizures or tuberculosis. Inform your healthcare provider of all medications you are taking.
Can Dovato cure HIV?
No, Dovato does not cure HIV, but it helps manage the virus by reducing its levels in the blood, allowing people with HIV to live longer and healthier lives.
Comprehensive Drug Guide
How Does Dovato Work?
Dovato works by combining two antiviral drugs: dolutegravir, which inhibits the HIV integrase enzyme (preventing the integration of viral DNA into the host genome), and lamivudine, which inhibits reverse transcriptase (preventing the virus from replicating its RNA into DNA). This dual action reduces the amount of HIV in the blood, helping the immune system function more effectively.
Common Dosages
- 50 mg dolutegravir and 300 mg lamivudine
Typical Dosing
- The typical dosing for Dovato is one tablet taken once daily, with or without food. It is important to take Dovato consistently at the same time each day to maintain adequate blood levels of the medication.
Typical Dosing
FDA Approved Indications
- HIV-1 infection in treatment-naive adults and children weighing at least 30 kg.
Who Shouldn't Take Dovato?
- Previous hypersensitivity reactions to dolutegravir or lamivudine.
- Co-infection with hepatitis B without concurrent treatment for hepatitis B.
Advice From The Pharmacist
- Take Dovato at the same time every day to help maintain consistent levels in your body.
- If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember unless it's close to your next scheduled dose. Do not double up on doses.
- Dovato can be taken with or without food, making it convenient for most patients.
- Inform your healthcare provider if you are taking any other medications, as Dovato may interact with other drugs, including antacids and calcium supplements.
Side Effects of Dovato
Common Side Effects
- Headache
- Fatigue
- Nausea
- Diarrhea
Uncommon/Severe Side Effects
- Liver problems, particularly in individuals with hepatitis B or C co-infection.
- Severe allergic reactions, including rash and difficulty breathing.
Depression or mood changes.
Risks and Warnings of Dovato
- Hepatitis B Co-infection: If you have hepatitis B and stop taking Dovato, your hepatitis B may worsen. It is important to discuss any history of hepatitis B with your healthcare provider.
- Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (IRIS): In some individuals starting HIV treatment, the immune system may recover and produce an inflammatory response to infections. Monitoring is essential.
- Hypersensitivity Reactions: Severe allergic reactions to Dovato can occur. Stop the medication and seek medical attention if symptoms such as rash, fever, or swelling develop.
Interactions with Dovato
Common Drug Interactions
- Antacids and iron supplements: These can reduce the absorption of dolutegravir. Take them at least 2 hours before or 6 hours after Dovato.
- Carbamazepine: May reduce the effectiveness of Dovato, requiring dosage adjustments or alternative therapies.
- Metformin: Dovato may increase the concentration of metformin, so your doctor may adjust your metformin dose.
Alternatives to Dovato
- Biktarvy: Another single-tablet regimen for HIV that contains bictegravir, emtricitabine, and tenofovir.
- Triumeq: A combination of dolutegravir, abacavir, and lamivudine, also used for treating HIV-1.
- Genvoya: A four-drug combination of elvitegravir, cobicistat, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide for treating HIV.